¡º ´¿®á½Í¦p¦ó¬[³] News Server (­×¥¿ª©)


### µÛ §@ Åv Án ©ú ### ¡¯ §@ªÌ: ´¿·ç·½ ¡¯ ¡¯ yuan@UUserv.Net.tw ¡¯ ¡¯ ¡¯ ¡¯ ¥ô¦ó­Ó¤H³£¥i¥¼¸g±ÂÅv¦Û¦æ¦C¦L¾\Ū, ³o¸Ì¡u­Ó¤H¡v«ü¥ô¦ó¤H, ¡¯ ¡¯ ¡u¦Û¦æ¦C¦L¡v«üªº¬O«D§R§ï§@ªÌ­ì§@±¡ªp¤U, ¦Û¦æ¥Ñ¹q¸£¦Lªí¾÷ ¡¯ ¡¯ ¦C¦L¡C¥»µÛ§@Åv³W½d¤£­­¨î±z¦C¦L¼Æ¶q, ¦ý¤Z°Ó·~©Ê¥Xª©¨Ï¥Î¡B ¡¯ ¡¯ Âà±Æª©¦L¨ê³£¤£³Q¤¹³\¡C ¡¯ ¡¯ ¡¯ ¡¯ Ãö©ó¥»µÛ§@ª«(¹q¤l®Ñ)ªºÂàµo¦æ³W©w, ±z³Q¹ªÀy±N¤§Â\©ñ¦b¥ô¦ó ¡¯ ¡¯ Internet FTPÀÉ®×®w¤W Gopher/WWW¯¸¡B©ÎªÌ¥ô¦óÁp·ùªºPC BBS ¡¯ ¡¯ ¯¸»O, §@ªÌÅwªï¨Ã·P¿E±zÄ@·N¦p¦¹°µ, ¦]¬°³o¼Ë°µ¨ü¯qªºªB¤Í¥² ¡¯ ¡¯ µM·|§ó¦h¡C³Ì«á, ¥»ª©ÅvÁn©ú¬O¥»µÛ§@ªº¤@³¡¥÷, ¥ô¦ó±N¥»Án©ú ¡¯ ¡¯ »P¥»µÛ§@¤ÀÂ÷ªº°Ê§@¤w¸g«IÅv¨Ã¹Hªk¡C¨ä¥¦¥¼©w¨Æ©y, ©Î±z»{¬° ¡¯ ¡¯ ¥»ª©ÅvÁn©ú¦³¤£¦X®É©y¤§³B, ½ÐÁpµ¸§@ªÌ¡C§Ú¦A¦¸·PÁ±zŪ§Ú, ¡¯ ¡¯ ¦A¨£¡C ¡¯ ¡¯ ¡¯ Netnews Server (¤@) INN ´¿·ç·½ Usenet News ¤Jªù¤¶²Ð µ§ªÌµoı, ¨Æ¹ê¤W¤w¸g¦³«Ü¦h²£·~¬É¤Î°Ó·~¬ÉªºªB¤Íª¾¹DInternet³s ½u¥i¥H¹ï¤½¥q±a¨Ó«Ü¤jªº¦n³B¡C §Ú§Æ±æŪªÌªB¤Í¯à°÷¶i¤@¨Bª¾¹D, Usenet ´N¬OInternet³Ì¦³¥ÎªºÀ³¥Î¤§¤@, Usenet¥i¥H¬°±z©Î±z¤½¥q±a¨Ó³Ì¬Ã¶Qªº ªF¦è -- ¸ê°T(Information) ¥H¤Î§K¶Oªº¥þ²y©Ê¥æ¬y¤ÎÅU°ÝºÞ¹D¡C °²­Y¶Q¤½¥q©Î³æ¦ì¤w¸g§JªAªº§Þ³N¤Wªº§xÃø³s¤WInternet (¤£½×¬O UUCP¡B PPP¡B SLIP©ÎRouter/DSU), §Ú«Øij­º¥ý¤Þ¤J¨â­ÓInternetÀ³¥Î¡C ²Ä¤@, «Ø¥ß¹q¤l«H¥óªA°È¨t²Î (µ§ªÌ¥H«á±MÄ椤·|¦³¤¶²Ð), ¦p¦¹¾ã­Ó¤½ ¥qªº¦P¤¯³£¥i¥H¨É¦³¥þ²y¹q¤l«H¥óªA°È¡C ²Ä¤G, «Ø¥ßNetnewsªA°È¨t²Î, µ§ªÌ¬Ý¨Ó, Netnews ¨t²Î«Ü¥i¯à¬O±z³z¹LInternet¨ü´f³Ì¤jªºÀ³¥Î! ¥»´Á ´N¥HNetnews¬°¤¶²Ð¹ï¶H¡C ¦³ÃöUsenetÀ³¥Î­±ªº°Q½×, µ§ªÌ¦b¥h¦~(1993) ¤G¤ë¨ì¥|¤ë¤À¤T´Á¦b ¥»Âø»x¤w¸g¦³«Ü¸Ô²Ó¤¶²Ð, °£¦¹¤§¥~, ¦bµ§ªÌ¡u·sª©Internet¹ê°È¤â¥U¡v (²Ä¤Tªi) ¤]¥[¤W¦³À³¥Î­±¥H¤Î Tin ¬É­±³nÅ骺¤¶²Ð¡C ŪªÌ­Y¤£¤F¸Ñ Usenet¨s³º¯à¬°±z¤½¥q©Î­Ó¤H±a¨Ó¤°»ò¦n³B, ¥i¥H¥h¹Ï®ÑÀ]§ä¨º¤T´ÁÂø »x (¸Ó¤T´Á±MÄ檺¹q¤lª©¥i¥H¥ÎFTP¦bNCTUCCCA.edu.tw:/Chinese/YuanInfo /UNIXWORLD¥Ø¿ý¤U§ä¨ì) ©ÎªÌ³o¥»©ó1994¤C¤ë©³­è¥Xª©ªº·s®Ñ¡C ¥H¤U©Ò ­n¤¶²Ðªº, ³Q©w¦ì¦b§Þ³N­±©ÎªÌ¨t²ÎºÞ²z­±¬°¥D, §Ú·Q©¹¤U¨t¦C¤¶²Ð¹ï¤j ¤½¥q¸ÌªºMIS³¡ªù¡B ¥ô¦ó³æ¦ìªº¹q¸£À³¥Î¨Mµ¦ªÌ¡B ¥H¤Î©Ò¦³¹ïInternet À³¥Î§Þ³N¦³¿³½ìªº­Ó¤HÀ³¸Ó·|¦³À°§U¡C ¡¼ Usenet¬O¤°»ò Usenet¬O¤@ºØºô¸ô«H®§¥æ´«¨t²Î, ¥¦¸ó¶V¦s¦b©ó¦UºØ¤£¦Pªººô¸ô, ¦U ¦Û¦ì©ó¤£¦P¦a°ì¡B¤£¦Pºô¸ôªº¹q¸£¨t²ÎÂǥѺIµM¤£¦Pªº¤èªk¨Ó¥æ´««H®§¡C ¤j³¡¤ÀªºNetnews¬O°Q½×©Êªº, ³oÅý¥þ²y¬Û¦PÂ}¦n¡B ¬Û¦P©Ò¾Ç©Î¦P·~¥æ´« ¸gÅç¡C Netnews¥t¤@³¡¥÷ªF¦è«h¯Â¬O°T®§©Êªº, ³oÃþªºªF¦èÄÝ©ó³æ¦V¬y³q, ¨ÑÀ³³o¸ê°Tªº¦³¨Ç¬O°Ó·~ªA°È, ¦³¨Ç¤£¬O, ³oÃþ°T®§±q´Á³fªÑ²¼°T®§¨ì¦U ¦a¤è·s»D³£¦³, ¥H¤W¥D­n¬O«ü¥þ²y©ÊªºNetnews¦Ó¨¥¡C ¦Ü©ó¥H¥Ø«e¥i±oªº »OÆW¦a¤è¸ê°T¨Ó»¡, §Ú­Ì¥i¥H¦bNetnews¤WŪ¨ì¤¤°ê®É³ø§Y®É·s»D¡B ®ð¶H ¡B ¦U¦aÃÀ³N¸`¥Øµ¥µ¥, ¥t¥~¦UºØ¹q¸£¤Î«D¹q¸£¤§±M·~§Þ³N©Ê°Q½×¦b»OÆW ¤]¤w¸g«D±`¼öµ¸¡C Usenet ¥u¬O¤@ºØ¹q¸£ºô¸ôÀ³¥Î, Usenet¥»¨­¤£¬O¤@­Óºô¸ô (¥¦ÄÝ©Ê ¤W¤j¤£¬Û¦P©óInternet¡B BITNET¡B ¤ÎFidoNetµ¥µ¥), ³o¤@ÂI«Ü¦hªB¤Í·| »~¸Ñ¡C Usenet News¡B Netnews ©Î¬Æ¦ÜNews ¬O¤j³¡¤À¤H¹ïUsenetºô¸ôÀ³¥Î ªººÙ©I, ¥»¤å¦b¤£¦P¦a¤è¤À§O·|¨Ï¥ÎNetnews©ÎNews³o¨â­Ó¦Wµü¨ÓºÙ©I¡C ¥Ø«e°Ñ»PUsenet¥æ´«ªº, À³¸Ó¬O¥HInternetªº¥Î¤á³Ì¦h¡C »PUsenet¬ÛÃöªº³nÅé¦Wµü¬Û·í¦h, ©³¤Uµ§ªÌ¨S¦³¤@¤@°µ¸ÑÄÀ, ­YŪªÌ Ū°_¨Ó«Ü¦Y¤O, «h­è­è±ÀÂ˪º®ÑÄy¤Î¤å³¹, ŪªÌ¤£§«·Q¿ìªk®³¨ÓŪ¡C ¡¼ Netnews³nÅé§Þ³N¸ÑªR §Ú­Ì±q§Þ³N­±¬Ý, °õ¦æNetnewsªA°Èªº³nÅé¥i¥H¤À¬°¤T­Ó¼h­±¨Ó¬Ý, ¤@ ¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©Òª`·N¨ìªº¥u¦³²Ä¤@­Ó¼h­±, ¨º´N¬ONews Reader¬É­±³nÅé, ¨Ï¥Î ªÌ³z¹L³o¤@­Ó¬É­±³nÅé¨ÓŪ¨ú(Read)¡B ¦^À³ (Follow-Up/Reply)©ÎªÌ µo°e (Post) «H®§¡C ¶¶«K¤@´£, News¬É­±³nÅé¤]´N¬ONews Client¡C ¦b»O ÆW, ³Ì¼s¬°¨Ï¥ÎªºNews¬É­±³nÅé«Ü¥i¯à¬O Tin, Tin¬OUnixªºÀ³¥Î³nÅé, ¥t ¥~¦bMS-WindowsÀô¹Ò¤U¥i¥H¬Ý¨ìTrumpet¤ÎWinSpanµ¥µ¥, ³o¬OWindowsªº News À³¥Î³nÅé¡C ²Ä¤G¼h­±«h¬ONetnews Server, ³o³¡¥÷¯u¥¿¬ONews³nÅ骺¥D·F, ³o ³¡¥÷¥»¨t¦C±MÄæ·|¤¶²ÐINN¤ÎC-News ¨â®M³nÅé, ³o¨â­Ó³£¬O UnixÀ³¥Î³n Åé¡C News Server¬O­t³d±NNews °Q½×«H(Article) ¦¬¤JÂkÀÉ(Filing)¡B °õ¦æÂà°e(Forwarding)ªA°È¡B News¹L´ÁºÞ²z¡B ¥H¤ÎNews¾\Ū¤Î¶Ç¿éÅv ­­ªº³]©w, ½Ñ¦p¦¹Ãþªºº¾¨Æ¡C News Server¤@¥¹³]©w§¹¦¨«á, ¥H¤Wªº°Ê §@³£·|¥þ¦Û°Êªº°õ¦æ, ¦ÓµL¶·¤H¤u¯A¤J¡C News ServerªººÞ²z§Þ³N¬O¥» ¤å°Q½×ªº­«ÂI¡C News Server¹ïNews ClientªºªA°È, ³q±`¥i¥H³z¹L¨âºØ¤è¦¡, ¤@ºØ ¬OŪ¨ú¦Û¤v¾÷¾¹Àɮרt²Î¤ºªºNews, ³o¤è¦¡, ±z¦b¸Ó¾÷¾¹¤º­n¹ê»Ú¾Ö¦³ ¤@­Ó±b¸¹¡C ¥t¥~¤@ºØ¤è¦¡«h¬O³z¹L NNTP ´£¨Ñ News Ū¨úªA°È, ³o¤è¦¡ ¥D­n¥Î¦b TCP/IP ºô¸ô¤W¡C ¥H NNTP ¤è¦¡ÅªNewsªº¸Ü, ±z©Ò¨Ï¥ÎªºNews Reader³nÅ饲¶·¤ä´©NNTP¤~¦æ, ¦P®É, ´£¨Ñ±zŪNewsªº¾÷¾¹¤]¥²¶·¤ä´© NNTP¡C Á|­Ó¨Ò¤l¨Ó»¡, ¹ï¤½¥q¤º­ì¥»¼ô±xUnixªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¨Ó»¡, ¤£§«ª½±µ ¦bServer¤W¶}­Ó±b¸¹, ¨Ï¥ÎªÌlogin ¨ì¾÷¾¹¤º, ¥HTin¨Ó¾\Ū, ³o¼ËªºÅª ªk¥i¥H¥R¥÷µo·|Tin¥\¯à±j¤j¤Î¼u©Ê¡C ¥i¬O¹ï©ó¨º¨Ç±j¯P±Æ¥¸Unix¦ý¬O¼ô ±x¤¤¤å MS-Windows ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¨Ó»¡, ¨t²ÎºÞ²zªÌ´N¥i¥HÀ°¦£¦w¸ËTrumpet ©ÎWinSpan³oÃþªº³nÅéµ¹¥L(¦o)­Ì¨Ï¥Î, ³oÃþªº³nÅé¬O¥ÎNNTP·í¬É­±¨ú±o News ServerªºªA°È, ¦p¦¹¨Ï¥ÎªÌ´N¥i¥H¥Î­ì¥»ªº¾Þ§@²ßºD¨ÓŪNews, ¦Ó µL¶·login¨ìUnix¾÷¾¹, ¦ÛµMªº¤£·|¸I¨ìUnix¡C ²Ä¤T­Ó¼h­±«h¬O­t³d¶Ç¿é(Transport)ªº³¡¥÷, News ¶Ç¿é¤u¨ã¥D­n ¦s¦b©óServer¹ïServerªº³Þ°e, ¤@¯ë±`¥Îªº¶Ç¿é¤èªk¦³NNTP¡B UUCP¤Î E-Mailµ¥µ¥, INN »P C-News³£¤ä´©¥H¤W¤TºØ¶Ç¿é¤èªk, ¤£¹L C-News¤º ©w¥u¤ä´©UUCP¤ÎE-Mail¶Ç¿é, INN¤º©w¥u¤ä´©NNTP¤ÎUUCP¶Ç¿é¡C ¥H¤U§Ú¤À§O·|°w¹ïNews Server»PNews Transport°µ¸Ô²Ó¤¶²Ð¡C ¡¼ News ªº¹B§@­ì²z Ãö©óNewsªº¹B§@, News ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¬O³z¹LNews Reader³nÅé¨ÓŪ¨ú(Read) ©Îµo°e (Post) , ³oÃþ³nÅé¥i¥HºÙ¤§¬°News¬É­±³nÅé©ÎªÌNewsŪ¨ú³nÅé¡C ·í¨Ï¥ÎªÌµo°e¥X¤@«Ê°Q½×«H®É, News Server ¥ß¨è±µ¤â³B²z¡C­º¥ýServer ·|§â¸Ó«Ê°Q½×«H©ñ¦b¦Û¤vªºNews Spool (/var/spool/news) ¤§¤U, ¦P®É ¦b¥~°e¹w³Æ°Ï (³q±`¬O/var/spool/news/out.going/site ©Î /var/spool /news/out.going/site/togo) ¯d¤U¤@¥÷°O¿ý¡C ³o¸Ì, News Server¹ï News ReaderªºªA°È¬O§Y®Éªº, ¤]´N¬O»¡, ¥H¤W³o¨Ç¬yµ{¬O¤@Àþ¶¡§¹¦¨, ¦Ó¥B¬O³s³eªº¡C ±µ¤U¨Ó´N¥ÑNews Transport³nÅé±µ¤â, ¤£¹L, News Server¨ìNews Transport¤§¶¡´N¤£¤@©w¬O§Y®É¶i¦æ, ¥¿±`ªº¸Ü, ­t³d°õ¦æ¶Ç¿éªº³nÅé ¬O¥Ñ cron ©w®É±Ò°Ê, ¤§«á¨Ì·Ó/var/spool/news/out.going/site³o¥÷ °O¿ý, §âNews¥~°e¨ì¤U´åªºNews Server¡C ·Ó¤º©wª¬ºA, INN »P C-News ªº¶Ç¿é¤u§@³£¥²¶·³z¹L cron ¨Ó±a°Ê, ³o¬O¨å«¬ªº§å¦¸³B²z¼Ò¦¡, ¦Ü©ó ¦p¦ó¹F¨ì§Y®É³B²z, §Ú¤§«á·|¤¶²Ð¡C ¾ã­ÓUsenetªº¬[ºc, ´N¬O³o¼Ë¤@­ÓNews Server §â°Q½×«H¶Çµ¹¥t¤@ ³¡News Server, ¦p¦¹¥ÑÂI¦Ó­±, ºc¦¨¤@­Ó¸ê°T¶Ç¿éºô¡C ¦A¦¸´£¿ôŪªÌ, Usenet ¤¤ªº ½Ñ¦hNews Server©¼¦¹¤§¶¡ªº®t²§¥i¯à«D±`¤j, ½Ñ¦h±`¨£ªº ¶Ç°e¤èªk¥]¬A½Ã¬P¶Ç°e¡B NNTP over TCP/IP¶Ç°e¡B UUCP dialup¡B UUCP over TCP/IP¡B E-mail (¥Î¥ô¦ó¥i¯àªºMail Transport Agent)µ¥ µ¥, ¤@³¡Server Server¥u­n¨Ï¥Î¦ó¨ä¤W¤U´åNews Server ¬Û¦Pªº¶Ç¿é ¤èªk§Y¥i, ¦ÓµL¶·ÅU¼{¥~­±¥@¬É¨s³º¦p¦ó¡C ¥t¥~ÁÙ¦³¤@ÂI»PNews Transport¬ÛÃöªºÆ[©À, ¹ïNNTP¶Ç¿é¤è¦¡¨Ó»¡, News ªº³Þ°e, ³q±`¬O¤W´åªºNews Server¡u¥D°Ê¡v±NNews³Þ°e¨ì¤U´åªº News Server¡C Á|­Ó¨Ò¤l¨Ó»¡, §Ú­Ì©Ò»Ý­nªºNewsgroups, ¬O§Ú­Ìªº¤W ´åNews¨Ì·Ó§Ú­Ì©Ò­n¨Dªº (¤]´N¬O§Ú­Ì«ü©w­q¾\ªº) °Q½×°Ïnewsgroups, ¤£¦h¤£¤Öªº¶Ç°e¹L¨Ó, §Ú­Ì¥u»Ý­n¡u³Q°Ê¡vªº±µ¨ü§Y¥i, ´«­Ó¨¤«×, ¹ï ©ó§Ú­Ì³o¤@ºÝ²£¥ÍªºªF¦è, ¤]¬O§Ú­Ì¥D°Ê¶Çµ¹§Ú­Ìªº¤W´åNews Server¡C ³o­Ó»¡©ú¾A¥Î©ó¤j³¡¤Àªº±¡ªp, ¦Ü©ó¨ä¨Ò¥~, §Ú·|¦b«á­±±Mªù¨Ó¤¶²ÐNews ¶Ç¿éªº½g´T¤¤, §ó¸Ô²Óªº¤¶²Ð¡C ¤W­±´£¨ì«Ü¦h¡u¤U´å¡v¡B¡u¤W´å¡v ªºÃö«Y, ¨ä¹ê, ±z¤W´åªºNews Server¤]´N¬O¤U´åªºNews Server, ¨â³¡News Server¤§¶¡ªºÃö«Y, ©¼¦¹ ¬J¬O¤W´å¤]¬O¤U´å, µ§ªÌ­É¥Î³o­Ó¦Wµü¥u¬OÀ°§UŪªÌÁA¸Ñ¦Ó¤w¡C ¡¼ ­þ¤@ºØ±¡ªp»Ý­n«Ø¥ß¦Û¤vªºNews Server ­º¥ý§Ú­Ì¦³¥²­nª¾¹D, °²¦p±z¤½¥q©Î³æ¦ì¥u¦³¤@¨â­Ó¤H¦³Åª¨úNewsªº ²ßºD©Î»Ý¨D, §Ú­Ì¤]³\¨S¦³¥²­n§ë¸êÃB¥~ªº¤H¤O»P³]³Æ¨Ó«Ø¥ß¤@³¡News Server, ¦óªpNews Server«áÄòªººûÅ@¤]¦P¼Ë»Ý­n¤H¤O¦¨¥»¡C ³oºØ±¡ªp, ±z¥u»Ý­n¸Ë³]News Reader³nÅé´N¥i¥H¤F, ©ÎªÌ³sReader ³nÅé³£¥i¥H¤£­n¡C «eªÌªº¤èªk¬O°÷¹L¤ä´©NNTPªºNews Reader³nÅé, ¨ÓŪ ¨ú»·ºÝ¤]¦P¼Ë¤ä´©¦³NNTPªºNews Server (¸ÓServer¥²¶·¦³¶}©ñ±zŪ¨ú¤~ ¦æ), «áªÌ«h¬O·Q¿ìªk¦b§O³¡¸Ë¦³News Serverªº¾÷¾¹¤W¨ú±o¤@­Ó±b¸¹ , ¤§«á¥Ñ¨º³¡¾÷¾¹¨ÓŪ¨úNews´N¦æ(°²³]¸Ó³¡News Server ¤]¦P®É¸Ë¦³News Client), ¸êµ¦·|SEEDnetºô¸ôªA°È»P¹q«H§½HiNetºô¸ôªA°È³£¥]§t¦³³oÃþ ªA°È¡C °²¦p¶Q¤½¥q©Î³æ¦ì¦³¤T¥|­Ó¤H¥H¤W, ·|¸g±`©Êªº¥ÑNews¨ú±o¤@¨Ç±¡ ³ø, ©Î¥ÑNews »P¥þ²y¦P·~¤¬´«°T®§, ³o®É¦³¤@³¡¦Û¤vªºNews Server¬O «Ü­È±oªº, ¦]¬°³o¼Ë°µ, ±z§â©Ò¦³ªºInformation¹ê»Úªº¤Þ¤J¤½¥q¤º, ¨Ã ¨c¾aªº¦s©ñ©ó¦Û¤vªºµwºÐ¤º! °²¦p±zªº±¡ªp¥¿¬O¦p¦¹, ½Ð©¹¤U¬Ý¤U¥h¡C ¡¼ ¤°»ò¬OINN ³o¤@¸`»P¤U¤@¸`©Ò¤¶²ÐªºªF¦è, ŪªÌªB¤Í¥i¥H¦bINN FAQµo²{¸Ô²Óªº»¡ ©ú, ³o¸Ìµ§ªÌ¥u°µ¸É¥R©Êªº»¡©ú¡C INN (InterNetNews) ¬OUnixÀô¹Ò¤UªºNews Server³nÅé, ³o¨ÇUnix¨t ²Î¥]¬ALinux¡B BSD¨t¦C¡B AIX¡B SunOS¡B Ultrix¡B HP-UX¡B A/UX¡B OSF¡B Solaris¡B SCO UNIX µ¥µ¥¡C INN ¤º«Ø¤ä´©NNTP¨ó©w, ³o¬O³Ì­È±o¤@´£ªº¤@ÂI¡C ¡¼ INN vs NNTP ³o¬O¤@­Ó¬Û·í¦³½ìªº°ÝÃD, ¤]³Ì®e©ö§â¤Hµ¹§Ë½k¶î¤F¡C INN¬O¤@®MNews³nÅé, NNTP (Network News Transport Protocol) «h¬O ­Ó³q°T¨ó©w³W®æ, ³o¨âªÌ¬O§¹¥þµLªk°µ¤ñ¸ûªº (´N¦n¹³®³²î¸ò¤j®ü¤ñ)¡C ¥t¥~,§ó§xÂZ¤Hªº, ¥Ñ©ó¯u¥¿¦s¦bNNTP-1.5.11³nÅé, ¨Ï±o§Ú­Ì§ó¤£®e©ö¤À ¿ë¡C NNTP-1.5.1 ¬O§¹¥þ»PINNµLÃöªº³nÅé, NNTP-1.5.1³q±`³Q¥Î¨Ó·f°t C-News¨Ï¥Î, ¨Ï±oC-News Server¤]¥i¥H¤ä´©NNTP¶Ç¿é¥H¤Î±µ¦¬News Reader ¥HNNTP¤è¦¡Åª¨ú¡C ¡¼ INN/C-News Â\¦b­þ­Ó¥Ø¿ý ¤j³¡¤À±¡ªp, §Ú­Ì¨ú±oINN©ÎC-News³nÅé¬O¥HSource Code±¡ªp¦s¦b, ³o ±¡ªp§Ú­Ì¥i¥H¨M©w, ¨s³º¸Ó§âServer³nÅéÂ\¦bÀɮרt²Îªº­þ¸Ì, µ§ªÌ«Øij ¦p¤U(³o«Øij·¥¥i¯à¤]¬O¤j³¡¤À¤H©Ò±Ä¥Îªºª¬ªp): /usr/lib/news: News Serverªº¬ÛÃö³]©wÀÉ®× /usr/lib/news/bin: News ServerªþÄݬÛÃö¤u¨ãµ{¦¡ ¥H¤W¥i¥H¤À§O¥Î/usr/local/lib/news¤Î/usr/local/lib/news/bin¨ú¥N, ¦Ü©óNews ªº¦s©ñSpool, ·Q·íµMº¸¬O/var/spool/news¡C ¥t¥~¤@ÂI, ¤£½×¿ï¾ÜC-News©ÎINN, ³£­n§â inews »P rnews¨â¤§¤u¨ã µ{¦¡Â\¦bPATH¸ô®|¤§¤º, ³q±`¬O/usr/bin©Î/usr/local/bin, ¹ê»Ú¤Wªº§@ ªk¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î³sµ²ÀÉ, ³sµ²¨ìINN©ÎC-News©Òªþªºinews/rnews¡C ³o¨â¤äµ{ ¦¡¤]¬ONews Server¤u¨ãµ{¦¡¤¤, °ß¤@¥²¶·½T©w¦ì©ó¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³q¥Î¸ô®| ¤¤ªº¨â¤äµ{¦¡¡C ¡¼ INN vs C-News ³o¬O¤@­Ó¬Û·í¦nªº¸ÜÃD, ¤]¬O¬Û·í¨ã¦³ª§Ä³©Êªº¸ÜÃD¡C ºô¸ô¤W±`Å¥¨ì ¡uC-News¤w¸g¹L®É, ½Ð§ï¥ÎINN¡vªº»¡ªk, ¦bµ§ªÌ¬Ý¨Ó, ³oºØ»¡ªk¬O¤£¹ïªº ,³o´NÃþ¦ü¡uSLIP¤w¸g¤£¦æ¡B ½Ð§ï¥ÎPPP¡v©ÎªÌ¡uUUCP¤w¸g¦ÑÁÚ¡B ½Ð§ï¥Î TCP/IP¡v...µ¥µ¥ªº»¡ªk, ³o¨Ç³£¬O°¾¨£, ¦]¬°¨ä¦U¦³ªø³B»Pµu³B, ¯S§O¬O ¨ä¦U¦Û¦³¤£¦Pªº¾A¥Î³õ¦X¡C ·Óµ§ªÌ¸gÅç, C-News¬O¤@­Ó¬Û·í®e©ö¸Ë³]»PºÞ²zªºNews Server³nÅé, INN«h¬Û¹ï»Ý­n§ó¦hªº²Ó¤ß·Ó®Æ, ¤ñ¤è»¡, ¤£¤p¤ß¥Hroot±b¸¹°õ¦æINNªº¨t ²ÎºÞ²z, ³o´N¨¬¥H¨ÏINN½}¤u! Ãö©ó°Ñ¦Ò¤å¥ó¤W, INN ¦³Â×´Iªº½u¤W¨Ï¥Î ¤â¥U¤Î¨ä¥L¹q¤l¤å¥ó¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò (¥D­n¬OINN FAQ 1-4¤ÎInstall.ms), ¥H¤W ¨âÂI§Úı±oC-News µy·L»¹¦â¤@¨Ç, ¤£¹L C-News «h¤ñ¸û®e©ö§ä¨ì¶Ç²Îºô ¸ô®ÑÄyªº¤¶²Ð¡C ¥H¥\¯à¨Ó»¡, INN³nÅé¬ùµ¥©óC-News+NNTP1.5.11, ³o¨âªÌ¦P¼Ë³£¤ä´© UUCP¡BNNTP¤ÎE-mail¶Ç¿é¡C INN ¥i¥H°µ¨ì§¹¥þ§Y®ÉªºNews¥æ´«, ¹ï©ó¤W ´å³Þ°e¶i¨ÓªºNews, ¥i¥Hª½±µ¦b°O¾ÐÅ餤³B²z, ¤§«áª½±µ¦¬¤JNews Spool ÂkÀÉ¡C ¹ï©ó°e¥XªºNews¤]¤@¼Ë, ¥¦¥i¥H°µ¨ì¨S¦³°±¹yªº¥ß¨è°e¨ì¤U´å News Server¡C INN ¯à°÷¦p¦¹, ¬O¥Î¤j¶q¨t²Î¸ê·½´«¨Óªº, ¦]¬°INN¦û¥Î ¨ì¸û¦hªºCPU®É¶¡»P°O¾ÐÅéªÅ¶¡¡C ¹ïC-News+NNTP1.5.11¨Ó»¡, ¥Ñ©ó¨âªÌ ³£¨S¦³±`¾n°O¾ÐÅé, ©Ò¥H¥i¥H¬Û¹ï¸`¬ÙCPU¤Î°O¾ÐÅ骺¨Ï¥Î, ¤£¹L C-News ¥H¤ÎNNTP1.5.11 ¬I¥[©óµwºÐªºÅª¼g­t²ü»·°ª©óINN«Ü¦h¡C ³Ì«á¤@ÂIŪªÌ¤£§«ª¾¹Dªº, INN »P C-News³o¨â­ÓNews Server ³£¤£ ¬O³æ¯Â¤@¤äªA°Èµ{¦¡²Õ¦¨, ¦Ó¬O¥Ñ¤@¸s¤u¨ãµ{¦¡»P°t³ÆÀÉ (Configuration Files) ©Òºc¦¨¡C INN ¥i¥HºÙ¤§¬°¤@­Ó§¹¾ãªºNews®M¸Ë³nÅé, ¦]¬°¥¦¤w¸g ¥]§t¤F©Ò¦³¥²­nªºNNTP¶Ç¿é¤u¨ã, C-News«h³æ¯Â¥u¬O¤@­ÓNews Server, ¥¦ ¨S¦³ªþ±a¥ô¦óUUCP¥H¤ÎNNTP³nÅé¡C ¡¼ NNTP/UUCP/E-mail ³Þ°e¤è¦¡ News Server¹ïNews Serverªº³Þ°e¤è¦¡¦³«Ü¦hºØ, ³o¸Ì§Ú­Ì¤¶²Ð¤T ºØ¶Ç¿é¤è¦¡, NNTP ¾A¥Î¦bTCP/IPºô¸ô³õ¦X, UUCP ¥i¥H¥Î¦bUUCP (¤]´N ¬ODial-up) ¥H¤ÎTCP/IPºô¸ô, E-mail«h¥i¥H¥Î¦b¥H¤W¨âºØ³£¤£¾A¥Î®Éªº ¯S®í³õ¦X¡C ¥t¥~¤@ºØ¦¨¥»®Ä¯q¤ñ«D±`¦nªº½Ã¬P³Þ°e¤è¦¡, ³o¸Ì¤£¤¶²Ð¡C ¹ïªì¦¸¸Ë³]News Server ªº¤½¥q¨Ó»¡, °²¦p¦³ Internet³s½uªº¸Ü, ¿ï¾ÜNNTP§@¬°News Serverªº¶Ç¿é¤u¨ã«D±`¾A·í (¤]´N¬O¿ï¾ÜINN), ¦Ü©ó ¨º¨Ç³z¹LDial-up³s½uªÌ, «h¥i¥H¿ï¥ÎUUCP (¤]´N¬O¿ï¾ÜC-News)¡C ¦ý¬O­Y§âNews¶Ç°e³t«×¥H¤Îºô¸ô¨Ï¥Î®Ä²v¦Ò¼{¶i¥h´N¦³½ì¤F¡C °²¦p ±z§Æ±æ±z©Òµo¥X¥hªº°Q½×«H, ¦b³Ìµuªº®É¶¡¤º´N¥i¥H¶Ç¹M¥þ¥@¬Éªº¨C¤@ ­Ó¨¤¸¨, §Y®É©ÊªºNNTP¶Ç°e¥i¥H¹F¨ì¦p¦¹¡C ¦ý¬O°²¦p±z·QÅý±zªº½u¸ôÀW ¼e°µ³Ì¸gÀÙ¹ê´fªº¨Ï¥Î, «hUUCPÀ£ÁY¶Ç°e¥i¥H¹F¦¨³o¥Ø¼Ð, ·Óµ§ªÌªº´ú ¸Õ, UUCP¥i¥H¨ãÅ骺¸`¬Ù¦Ê¤À¤§64ªº¶Ç¿é¶q, ©ÎªÌ³o¼Ë»¡, ­ì¥»100MBªº °Q½×«H, UUCP¥i¥HÀ£ÁY¦Ü20MB¨ì50MB¤§¶¡ (ÀH°Q½×«H¤º®eÄÝ©Ê¡B ¥H¤ÎÀ£ ÁY³nÅéºØÃþ¦Ó¦³®t²§), ¤§«á¤~¶i¦æ¶Ç°e§@·~¡C UUCP³o¼ËªºÀ£ÁY¶Ç°e¹ï©ó ¨º¨Ç§C³t½u¸ô (56K bps¥H¤U) ªºInternet¥Î¤á¨Ó»¡, «D±`¦³·N¸q, ¦]¬° ±z­Ì¥i¥H±µ¦¬§ó¦hªºNews, «o¥I¥X¸û¤Öªº¥N»ù¡C ¥H¤W©Ò»¡ªºUUCP¥i¥H¬O UUCP over TCP/IP, ¤]¥i¥H¬ODialup UUCP¡C ¦³ÃöUUCPªº³¡¥÷, ¦b§Ú©¹ «áªº±MÄ椤·|¦³¤¶²Ð¡C ÃB¥~»¡©ú¤@ÂI, ¯u¥¿°õ¦æÀ£ÁYªº, ¤£¬OUUCP, ¦Ó¬ONews Server (INN »PC-News³£¥i¥H°µ¨ì), ©ÎªÌ, §ó·Ç½Tªº»¡, ¨ä¹ê¬ONews Server©I¥s¥~³¡ À£ÁY¤u¨ã¨Ó°õ¦æÀ£ÁY§@·~¡C §Ú¤W¤@¬q¬G·N¬OUUCPÀ£ÁY, ¨ä¹ê¬O¿ù»~ªº, ¦ý ³o§Þ³N¤Wªº²Ó¸`, §Ú­Ì¤j³¡¤À¤H³£¨S¦³¥²­nª¾¹D¡C INN News Server ªº«Ø¥ß ¹ï©ó¤w¸g¼ôŪ«e­±¤¶²ÐªºÅªªÌªB¤Í¨Ó»¡, ±zÀ³¸Ó¤w¸g¨ã³Æ¤F«Ü²M·¡ªº °ò¥»News©Îºô¸ôª¾ÃÑ, °²¦p±µ¤U¨Ó±z­n¿Ë¦Û¬[³]¤@³¡News Server¨t²Î, ±z³Ì»Ý­nªº«ü¤Þ¤å¥ó¬OInstall.ms¤ÎINN FAQ 1-4¥U, ³o¨Ç«ü¤Þ¤å¥ó¥i¥H «ü¤Þ±z¦³Ãö½sĶ (Compile) ¡B¦w¸ËINN¥H¤Î¤§«áªº³]©w¤u§@¡C ¦Ü©ó§Ú©¹¤U ªº»¡©ú¥u¤¶²ÐINN³]©w, ¦Ó¥B¥u¬Oºë²ªº¤¶²Ð¡C ¡¼ INN FAQ ¤Jªù INN ¦³¤@­Ó¬Û·í¤£¿ùªºFAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) ¤å¥ó, ¨ì ¥Ø«e (1994¤E¤ë) ¬°¤î, ³o¤å¥ó¤À¦¨¥|¥U, ²Ä¤@¥U±Mªù¦^µª¤@¯ë©ÊºÃ°Ý, ³o¨ÇºÃ°Ý¥D­n¬O¨º¨Ç±q¥¼¨Ï¥Î¹LINNªÌ©Ò°Ýªº°ÝÃD, ²Ä¤G¥U¥D­n¬O°£¿ù (Debugging) ¾ÉÄý, ²Ä¤T¥U«h¬O¦³Ãö©óINN¤é±`¨t²ÎºûÅ@¤@¨Çª`·N¨Æ¶µ, ²Ä ¥|¥U«h¥D­n¬O¬°Sun Solaris 1.1 ¥Î¤á¦Ó¼gªº¦w¸Ë«ü«n¡C INN FAQ ¥i¥H¥Î FTP¦bNCTUCCCA.edu.tw:/packages/news/inn¥Ø¿ý¤U¨ú±o, ¤£¹L±zµLªk¤W Internet, ´N¨S¦³¿ìªk¤F¡C ¦Ü©ó§ó¤£¥i¿ù¹Lªº Install.ms «h¹³·¥¤F¤@¥»±Mªù®ÑÄy, «D±`¸Ô²Óªº »¡©ú¦³Ãö½sĶ¤Î¦w¸ËINN©Ò»Ý­nªº©Ò¦³ªº§Þ³N©Ê²Ó¸`¡C Install.ms ³o¤å¥ó ´Nªþ¦bINN®M¸Ë³nÅé¸Ì­±, ŪªÌ¥i¥Hgroff -man -Tascii Install.ms | more «ü¥O¨Ó¾\Ū¡C ¡¼ ¨ú±o¤Î¦w¸Ë INN ¾ã­Ó INN ®M¸Ë³nÅ骺­ì©lµ{¦¡½X¥i¥H¥ÎFTP¦bNCTUCCCA.edu.tw: /packages/news/inn/inn1.4sec.tar.gz ¨ú±o¡C ¨ú±o«á, ³q±`±z¥i¥H»s §@¤@­Ó/usr/local/src/inn¥Ø¿ý, §âINN³nÅé²¾¨ì³o¥Ø¿ý, ¤§«á¸ÑÀ£ÁY¡C ±µ¤U¨Ó½sĶ¥H¤Î¦w¸Ëªº°Ê§@±z´N¬O®Ú¾Ú«e­±´£¨ìªºInstall.ms¥H¤Î INN FAQ¨Ó°µ, ³o¨Ç¤å¥ó¤w¸g»¡©úªº«D±`²M·¡¡C «e­±§Ú¦³¤¶²ÐNews Server©Ò¦w¸Ëªº¸ô®|, °²¦p±z«ö·Óµ§ªÌ©Ò±ÀÂ˸ô ®|¦w¸Ë INN ªº¸Ü, ±zªº INN News Serverªº§G§½·|¤j­P¦p¤U, ±z³Ì¦nÀË ¬d¬Ý¬Ý¬O§_¦³¤Ö©ó¤@¤UªºªF¦è, ¤×¨ä°²­Y¨S¦³in.coming¤Îout.going, ±z ¥i¥H cd /var/spool/news ; mkdir in.coming out.going ; chown news.news * ³o²Õ«ü¥O¨Ó°µ¡C /usr/lib/news # ©Ò¦³ INN ³]³ÆÀÉ /usr/lib/news/etc # innd ±Ò°ÊÀÉ®× /usr/lib/news/bin # INN ¤u¨ãµ{¦¡ /usr/bin/inews # INN ¬É­±¤u¨ã, ­t³d¶ÇNewsµ¹innd /usr/bin/rnews # INN ¬É­±¤u¨ã, ¦¬¨üUUCP¶i¨ÓªºNews /var/spool/news/in.coming /var/spool/news/out.going /var/log/news # News °O¿ýÀÉ©Ò¦b¥Ø¿ý ¡¼ INN ºî¦XÆ[©À¤Îª`·N¨Æ¶µ INN¹ïÀɮרt²Î¦s¨ú¥ÑÅv(Permission and Ownership) «D±`¹L±Ó, ·í°õ ¦æINN¨t²ÎºÞ²z¤u§@®É, °£¤F±Ò°Ê(©Î­«·s±Ò°Ê, Relaod) °Ê§@¥²¶·¥Hroot ¨­¤À¨Ó°µ, ¨ä¾l¤Á°O¥²¶·¥Hnews¨­¤À¨Ó°µ¡C ³o¤@­ì«h¦P¼Ë¤]¾A¥Î©óC-News , ¦ýC-Newsªº­n¨D¤ñ¸û¤£ÄYÂÔ¡C INNªº¤@³¡¤À¤u¨ãµ{¦¡¬O¥HPerl¼g¦¨, ©Ò¥H±z¥²¶·¦b±zªºUnix¨t²Î¤W¸Ë ¸mPerl¤~¦æ, °²¦pPerl¨S¦³Â\¦b/usr/bin/perl, ³Ì¦n¤]°µ¤@­Ó³sµ²Àɨì³o ¦ì¸m¡C ¥t¥~¤@ÂI«D±`­«­n, INN ¬O¥Hdaemon«¬ºA´£¨ÑªA°È, ¤]´N¬O»¡, INN «ùÄò±¾¦b­I´º°õ¦æ, ºòºò¬ÝµÛ½s¸¹ 119 ªº nntp port, ¥Ñ©ó³o­ì¦], §Ú­Ì ¥²¶·½T©w /etc/inetd.conf ¨S¦³´£¨ÑnntpªA°È, ­Y¦³ªº¸Ü, ¦b¸Ónntp©Ò¦b ªº¤@¦æ³Ì«e­±¥[¤W # , ¨Ï¦¨¬°µù¸Ñ¦æ, ¤§«á°õ¦æ¤U­±«ü¥O±q·s±Ò°Êin.inetd ¡C $ kill -1 `ps -ax | grep inetd | grep -v grep | colrm 6` ¡¼ INN °ò¥»³]©w ¤U­±§Ú­Ì´N¨Ó¬Ý¬Ý¬[³]INN®É, ´X­Ó³Ì°ò¥»ªº³]©wÀÉ®× (Configuration File) ªº½Õ¾ã¡C ¦³Ãö³o¨Ç³]©wÀÉ®×±z³£¥i¥H¦b±zªºINN³nÅéµ{¦¡½Xªºsamples ¥Ø¿ý¤U§ä¨ì¼Ë¥»§@¬°°Ñ¦Ò, ®³³o¨Ç¼Ë¥»§@¬°§Ú©³¤Uªº¸É¥R, ±z·|µoı¯uªº ¤@ÂI¤]¤£Ãø! ¡¯ ¨ú±onewsgroups «H°Ï»¡©úÀÉ °²¦p±z³o³¡·sªºNews Server¦³ Internet³s½u, ±z¥i¥H·Ó¤U­±¾Þ§@¨ú ±onewsgroupsÀÉ®×, ¨ú±o«á½s¿è¸ÓÀÉ®×(®³±¼©ïÀY¤»¦æ), ¤§«áÂ\¦bNews Serverªº¥D­n¥Ø¿ý (/usr/lib/news)¡C °²¦p¸Ó¾÷¾¹¤£¦bInternet, ¥i¥H «ô°U¤W´åªºNew Server ¥ÎE-mail°e¹L¨Ó¤@¥÷¡C $ su - news # ¥Hnews¨­¤À¶i¦æ¾Þ§@ $ telnet news.csie.nctu.edu.tw nntp > /tmp/newsgroups list newsgroups quit Connection closed by foreign host. $ vi /tmp/newsgroups (©Î¥Îpico¡Bjoeµ¥¤å¦r½s¿è¾¹±xÅ¥´L«K, ³o¥Ø ªº¬O­n§R°£«e­±´X¦æ) $ mv /tmp/newsgroups /usr/lib/news/newsgroups ¡¯ ¨ú±oactive ¨Ã°µÂk¹s¾ã²z $ su - news # ¥Hnews¨­¤À¶i¦æ¾Þ§@ $ telnet news.csie.nctu.edu.tw nntp > /tmp/active list active quit Connection closed by foreign host. $ vi /tmp/active # ¦P¼Ë¥Î½s¿è¾¹§â©ïÀY®³±¼ # ¤U­±«ü¥OÂk¹s¾ã²z, ¨Ã§â¦¨«~¿é¥X¬°/usr/lib/news/active $ awk '{ $2 = "0000000000" $3="0000000001" ; print }' \ /tmp/active > /usr/lib/news/active ¡¯ INN °ò¥»°t³ÆÀɤ¶²Ð ¥H¤U°ò¥»°tÀɮשҦb¦ì¸m³£°²³]¦b/usr/lib/news ¤§¤U, ŪªÌ°Ñ¦Ò ®É, ¤£­n§Ñ°O¨Ì·Ó±zªº±¡ªp¤â¤u­×§ï¡C active ©w¸q©Ò¦³Newsgroup newsfeeds ¨M©w¥»News Server©Ò¤Þ¤J¡B ¥H¤Î³Þ°e¨ì¤U´åªºServer hosts.nntp ©w¸q­þ¨Ç¾÷¾¹³Q¤¹³\»P¥»¾÷¾¹¶i¦æNNTP¶Ç¿é nnrp.access ©w¸q­þ¨ÇNNTP Client³Q¤¹³\Ū¨ú¥»ServerªºªF¦è inn.conf Ãö©ó¥»News Server ªº°ò¥»©w¸q nntpsend.ctl©w¸q¨º¨Ç¥Hnntpsend°e¥Xªº¤U´åServer ¥H¤W´X­Ó°t³ÆÀɬO³Ì­«ªºªº³¡¥÷, ¨äÃö«YµÛINN °õ¦æ»P§_, ¤£¯à¦³¤@ µ·²@ªº¿ù»~, ¥H¤U´X­Ó°t³ÆÀɮתº­«­n©Ê«h¬°¨ä¦¸, ¨S¦³¸Ô²Ó¤¶²Ð, ŪªÌ ½Ð¤À§O°Ñ¦Ò¨ä½u¤W¨Ï¥Î¤â¥Uªº»¡©ú, ¤ñ¤è»¡ man expire.ctl¡C ¡­ passwd.nntp ¥Î©ó¹ï¤èServer¦³³]³q¦æ±K½Xªº±¡ªp ¡­ expire.ctl ¹ï¦UNewsgroups«O¯d´Á­­¤§©w¸q ¡­ control.ctl ¦³ÃöUsenet ±±¨îÃþ«H®§, ¥»Server©Ò¤¹³\¤§¦s¨úÅv­­©w¸q ¡­ moderators ¦Û°ÊÂà±H©Ò¦³moderated newsgroup¨ìmoderator¡C ¡­ overview.fmt Overview ¸ê®Æ®wªº®æ¦¡ ³]©wINN¨Ã¤£¬O«D±`§xÃø, ³Ì§xÃøªº¬O¦p¦óÂÔ·Vªº¨Ó³]©w, ¥H¤Î¸U¤@¥X ¿ù®É, ¦p¦ó¥Ñ¨t²Îªº°O¿ýÀɨӻ²§U°£¿ù¡C ¤U­±§Ú­Ì´N¨Ó¸Ô²Ó¬Ý¬Ý­Ó§O°t³ÆÀɪº³]¸m¡C ¡­ active activeÀɮ׮榡¬° name himark lomark flags, §Ú­Ì¥Î¤U¨Ò¨Ó»¡©ú¡C tw.bbs.comp.network 0000000000 0000000001 y tw.bbs.netnews 0000000000 0000000001 y tw.bbs.announce 0000000000 0000000001 m ·Ó«e­±µ§ªÌ±ÀÂ˪º¤èªk¨ú±o³oÀɮרõy·L¤Á°£«e­±´X¦æ, ¥¿±`ªº¸Ü, ±z´N¾Ö¦³¤@­Ó²{¦¨ªºactive°t³ÆÀɤF¡C ³q±`±z¥i¥H°õ¦æinncheck active «ü¥O¬d¬Ý¸ÓÀɬO§_¥¿½T, ¦p¤U¾Þ§@»¡©ú¡C $ /usr/lib/news/bin/inncheck active /usr/lib/news/active:1: malformed line. /usr/lib/news/active:208: malformed line. ¤W­±°T®§ªí¥Ü²Ä1¤Î208¦æ®æ¦¡¿ù»~, ¦³³o±¡ªp®É, ±z´N¥²¶·¥H½s¿è¾¹ ¨Ó­×§ïactiveÀÉ®×, ¨Ì·Óman active½u¤W¤â¥Î¤â¥U¥H§Ú¤U­±ªº»¡©ú½Õ¾ã¡C ·Q¤Ïªº, ­Y°õ¦æinncheck active«ü¥O«á¨S¦³¦^À³, «hªí¥Ü³]©w¥¿½T¡C ±µ¤U¨Ó§Úµy·L¤¶²Ð¤@¤Uactive³oÀɮסC active³oÀɮצ³¥|­ÓÄæ¦ì, ¦U Äæ¦ì¶¡¥H¤@­ÓªÅ®æ¬°¶¡¹j, «Ü­«­nªº¤@ÂI, ³Ì«áÄæ¦ì(¤]´N¬Oflags)¤§«á ¨S¦³ªÅ®æ¡C ¦³Ãö³Ì«áÄæ¦ìflags, ³Ì±`¨£ªÌ¬°y »P m, y ªÌ¥Nªí³o­Ó °Q½×°Ï±µ¨üŪªÌpost, m «h¥Nªí³o­Ó°Q½×°Ï³]¦³±MªùºÞ¨î¤H¨Ó¬ÝºÞ, ŪªÌ ­Ypost¨ì³oªº°Q½×°Ï, ¸Ópost³q±`·|¦Û°Ê³QÂà¨ì¸Ó°Q½×°ÏºÞ¨î¤H(Moderator) ªºE-mail«H½c¤¤, ¸ÓºÞ¨î¤H­Y»{¥i±zpostªº¤º®e, ¥L(©Î¦o) ·|À°§Apost¨ì ¸Ónewsgroup¡C ¦³ÃöactiveÀɮתº²Ó¸`, ½Ð¥Hman active«ü¥O¬d¸ß¡C ¡­ newsfeeds newsfeedsÀɮתº³]©w, ºâ¬OINN News Server³Ì­«­nªº¤u§@, ¤]¬O§x Ãø«×³Ì°ªªº³¡¥÷¡C newsfeedsÀɮרM©w³o³¡News Server­n±µ¦¬­þ¨Ç newsgroup, ¥H¤Î­n³Þ°e­þ¨Çnewsgroup¥X¥h¡C INN newsfeedsÀɮצܤ֥²¶·©w¸q¦Û¤v¥H¤Î¤@­Ó³Þ°e¤U´å (¤]´N¬O¤W´å ) Server¡C §Ú·Q³o¹D²z«Ü®e©ö©ú¥Õ, ¦]¬°§Ú­Ì³o³¡·sNews Server©Ò²£¥Í ªºªF¦è, ¤]¥²¶·Âǥѧڭ̤W´å³o³¡News Server ¶Ç¥X¥h¡C ³o¸Ì§Ú¦A­«½Æ¤@ ¦¸, ¹ï©ó±z©Ò±µ¦¬ªºªF¦è, ±z¥²¶·²M·¡ªº§i¶D±zªº¤W´åServerªº¨t²ÎºÞ²z ªÌ: ­þ¨ÇªF¦è°e¡B ¥H¤Î­þ¨ÇªF¦è¤£°e¡C ## /usr/lib/news/newsfeeds ## ME³o¤@¦æ©w¸q¥»Server©Ò±µ¦¬ªºNewsgroup, ¥H#¶}ÀYªº¬°µù¸Ñ¦æ, ³o¸Ì ## ¥u©w¸q±µ¦¬¤Z¬O¥Hcomp¡Bnews¡Btwµ¥µ¥¶}ÀYªºnewsgroup, local.test¬°¤º ## ³¡´ú¸Õ±M¥Î¡C ME:!*,comp.*,news.*,tw.*,local.test:: ## NNTP feed using 'send-nntp', foo1¬°¥»Serverªº¤W´å, ³o¸Ì§â¬Û¦Pªº ## ªF¦è³Þ°e¦^¥h¡C foo1/foo1.com.tw\ :!*,comp.*,news.*,tw.*,local.test\ :Tf,Wnm: ## ## UUCP feed foo2/foo2.com.tw\ :!*,tw.*,local.test\ :Tf,Wfb,B4096/1024: ## End of /usr/lib/news/feeds file ©w¸q³oÀɮ׮ɦ³¨Ç°ò¥»³W«h, ©Ò¦³¥H#²Å¸¹¶}ÀYªÌ, ¥Nªí¦¹¦æ¬°µù¸Ñ ¦æ, ¥H¤Ï±×¸¹µ² \ §ÀªÌ, ªí¥ÜÂ_¦æ, ¥Ñ¤U¤@¦æ±µ¤U¥h¡C ¨C¤@¦æ¦³¥|­ÓÄæ¦ì , ¦UÄæ¦ì¥H«_¸¹ : ¹j¶}¡C ³o¸Ì§Ú¥u°µ°ò¥»ªº»¡©ú, ŪªÌ¤£§«¥H³o½d¥»¨Ó ­×¸Ó§Y¥i, ¸U¤@¤´¦³§xÃø, ³o®É¦A°Ñ¦Òman newsfeedsªº½u¤W»¡©ú¡C ¦b³o¥Ü½d¤¤, ME¤@¦æ¬O©w¸q¦Û¤v³o³¡News Server©Ò±µ¦¬ªºªF¦è, ³o ¸Ì©w¸q±µ¦¬comp.*¡B news.*¡B tw.* ¥H³o¤T­Ó¶}ÀYªºnewsgroups, ¥t¥~ local.test¬°¼È®É©Ê´ú¸Õ¥Î³~, ³o¸Ìlocal.test¥u¦bME¡Bfoo1¤Îfoo2¤T³¡ ¾÷¾¹¶¡¬y¶Ç¡C ¦b³o¸Ì, foo1¬O§Úªº¤W´å, ©Ò¥H©Ò¦³¥¦³Þ°eµ¹§Úªºnewsgroups, §Ú¤] ¹ïÀ³³Þ°eµ¹¥¦, ³o¸Ì½Ðª`·N¤@¤U, ¥u¦³¥»¦apost¥X¨Óªº, ©ÎªÌ¥Ñfoo2©Ò ³Þ°e¥X¨Óªº, ¤~·|°e¥X¥hµ¹foo1 (¤]´N¬O¤£·|¦³¦^¬yªº±¡ªpµo¥Í)¡C ¦Ü©ó foo2, §Ú¥u§â¥þ³¡tw.* »OÆW¥»¦aªºªF¦è³Þ°e¹L¥h¡C ¦Ü©ó¶Ç¿é¤è¦¡, ¦p¦Pµù¸Ñ¦æªº»¡©ú, §Ú»Pfoo1¤§¶¡ªº¶Ç¿é¬ONNTP, §Ú±N¥Îsend-nntp³oµ{¦¡¨Ó°õ¦æ¶Ç°eªA°È, ¦Ü©ó»Pfoo2¤§¶¡ªº¶Ç¿é«h¬O UUCP, §Ú±N¥Îsendbatchµ{¦¡§â¥~°eªºªF¦è¦¬¶°¥]»q, ¤§«á¥áµ¹UUCP³n Åé¥h³B²z¡C ¦³Ãö¶Ç¿éªº³o³¡¥÷, §Ú·|¦b«á­±°µ§ó¸Ô²Ó¤¶²Ð¡C ¡­ hosts.nntp ³o¸Ì§Ú­Ì©w¸qÅýfoo1.com.tw¤Îfoo2.com.tw¨â³¡Server¥i¥H¦³ TransferªºÅv¤O, ¤]´N¬O»¡, ³o¨â³¡¾÷¾¹¥i¥H³Þ°eNews¹L¨Ó¡C ## /usr/lib/news/hosts.nntp foo2.com.tw: foo1.com.tw: ¡­ nnrp.access nntp.access«h¬O©w¸q¥»News Server¶}©ñŪ¨ú(Read¤ÎPost) ªº±¡ªp ¡C ¦³Ãönnrp.accessªº³]©w²Ó¸`, ½Ð°Ñ¦Òman nnrp.accessªº»¡©ú¡C ³o¸Ì§Ú¶¶±a¤@´£, INN ¹ï©óClinetºÝ³z¹LNNTPªºÅª¨ú½Ð¨D, ¬O¥Ñnnrpd ³o­Ódaemon°õ¦æªA°È, ¦Ó¤£¬Oinnd, ³o¸Ì¤]½ÐŪªÌ¯d·N, nnrpd¨Ã¨S¦³±¾ ¦b¨t²Î­I´º, ¦Ó¬O³Qinnd©Ò±Ò°Ê¡C ## /usr/lib/news/nnrp.access ## ¤U­±³o¤@¦æªº³]©w, Ãö³¬©Ò¦³Åª¨úªA°È, ¤§«á´X¦æ©w¸qªº, «h¬O¤¹³\ ## ±q´X³¡¾÷¾¹¤U¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥HNNTP¨ÓŪNews¡C *:: -no : -no :!* ## ¤U­±³o¤@¦æ¤¹³\¥»Server¦Û¤vªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ, ¨Ï¥ÎNNTP ClientŪ¨ú©Ò¦³ªº ## °Q½×«H°Ï¡C foo0.com.tw:Read Post:::* ­×§ïnnrp.accessÀɮ׫á, ¤£»Ý­n§ó°Êinnd, ³o¬O¦]¬°nnrpd¨C¦¸³Q innd¥s¥Î®É, ·|­«·sŪ¨únnrp.accessÀÉ¡C ¡­ inn.conf inn.conf ¬OINN Server¥»¨­ªº©w¸qÀÉ¡C ±z¨C«Ê±zµo°e¥X¥hªº°Q½×«H ¤¤, ±z³£¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì«Ü¦h°T®§ªþ¦b¨ä¤¤, ³o¨Ç°T®§´N¬Oinn.confÀɮ׳y¦¨ªº¡C ## /usr/lib/news/inn.conf fromhost: foo0.com.tw pathhost: foo0.com.tw organization: ¤½¥q¤j¦W (Foo's Co.,) server: foo0.com.tw domain: com.tw ¡­ nntpsend.ctl ©w¸q¨º¨Ç¥Hnntpsend¶Ç°eªº¤U´åServer ## /usr/lib/news/nntpsend.ctl foo1:foo1.com.tw:: ¡¼ inncheck ¤W­±³o¨ÇINN³]©wÀɮ׭ק粒¦¨«á, §Ú­Ì¥i¥H¥ý¨Ó¬d¬Ý¤@¤U¬O§_¦³»~, INN©Òªþ innecheck ³o¤äµ{¦¡¥i¥HÀ°§Ú­Ì°µªì¨BªºÀˬd, °²¦p¦³©úÅ㪺 ¿ù»~, §Ú­Ì¥i¥H±q inncheck ªº°õ¦æµ²ªG¬Ý¥X¨Ó¡C ¤U­±¥Ü½dªºµ²ªGªí¥Ü ³]©w¥¿±`¡C $ /usr/lib/news/bin/inncheck -v Looking at /usr/lib/news/active... Looking at /usr/lib/news/control.ctl... Looking at /usr/lib/news/expire.ctl... Looking at /usr/lib/news/hosts.nntp... Looking at /usr/lib/news/inn.conf... Looking at /usr/lib/news/moderators... Looking at /usr/lib/news/newsfeeds... ME, foo1, foo2, /usr/lib/news/newsfeeds:0: ME entry accepts all incoming article distributions done. Looking at /usr/lib/news/nnrp.access... Looking at /usr/lib/news/nntpsend.ctl... Looking at /usr/lib/news/overview.fmt... Looking at /usr/lib/news/passwd.nntp... ¡¼ ¦p¦ó±Ò°ÊINN °²­Y©Ò¦³ªº³]©wÀɳ£§¹¦¨¤F, ³o®É§Ú­Ì¥i¥H´ú¸Õ¬Ý¬ÝINN¯à§_¥¿±`°õ¦æ¡C ±Ò°ÊINNªº¤èªk«Ü²³æ, §Ú­Ì¥Hrootªº¨­¤À°õ¦æ/usr/lib/news/etc/rc.news, ³oµ²ªG·|²£¥Í/usr/lib/news/etc/innd -p4 -i0 ªºprocess ±`¾n¦b­I´º, §Ú­Ì¥i¥Hps«ü¥O¬Ý¨ì¡C INN News Server¦¨¥\ªº¦b­I´ºµ¥«ÝªA°È¤§«á, §Ú­Ì´N¥i¥H¶}©l´ú ¸Õ¡C ¶¶«K¤@´£, °²¦p¸g¹L¤@°}¤l¹BÂà, ¤@¤Á³£¶¶§Qªº¸Ü, §Ú­Ì´N¥i¥H¦Ò¼{ ¬O§_§â/usr/lib/news/etc/rc.news«ü¥O¥[¤J/etc/rc.local (Linux¦b /etc/rc.d.rc.local) Àɮפº, ¦p¦¹¨C¦¸¶}¾÷®É´N¥i¥H±a°ÊINNªº¹BÂà¡C ³o«Øij¨Ñ±z°Ñ¦Ò¡C ¡¼ ³]©w´ú¸Õ«H°Ï¨Ã¶i¦æ´ú¸Õ ·í±zı±o¤j­P´Nºü«á, ³o®É­Ô´N¥i¥H¸ÕµÛPost¤@¨ÇªF¦è, ¬Ý³o·sNews Server¹BÂॿ¤£¥¿±`¡C °õ¦æ´ú¸Õ®É, ¯S§O­n°O¦í¤@ÂI, ¤£­nÀH·N±i¶K! ³q±`­Ó§O°Ï°ì©Êªº Newsgroup³£¦³´ú¸Õ±M¥Î°Ï, ¹³tw.test¤Îtw.bbs.testµ¥µ¥¬O¥þ»OÆW©Êªº ´ú¸Õ°Ï¡C °²¦p³]©w¥¿½Tªº¸Ü, ±z¥i¥H¦¨¥\°õ¦æ¤U­±¾Þ§@: $ inews -h # °õ¦æinews, ¤â¤u±i¶K Newsgroups: tw.bbs.test Subject: test of INN posting # ªÅ¤@®æªÅ¥Õ¦æ Sorry, test, please ignore! ^D # «öCtrl-Dµ²§ô ²{¦b·Ó¤U­±¾Þ§@, ¬Ý¬ÝPost¬O§_¦¨¥\, ¥¿±`ªº¸Ü, ³o¤@­Ó°Ê§@·|¦Û°Ê ²£¥Í/var/spool/news/tw/bbs/test¥Ø¿ý, ¨Ã¥B¤@­ÓÀɦW¬° 1 ªºÀÉ®×, 1 ¬O½s¸¹¬° 1, ¤U¤@«Ê«h©R¦W¬° 2¡C $ ls -l /usr/spool/news total 3 drwxr-xr-x 3 news news 1024 Jul 21 16:06 in.coming/ drwxr-xr-x 2 news news 1024 Aug 6 12:30 out.going/ drwxrwxr-x 4 news news 1024 Jul 21 16:06 tw/ $ cd /var/spool/news/tw/bbs/test # ²£¥Í½s¸¹ 1 ªºÀÉ®× $ ls -l -rw-rw-r-- 1 news news 342 Jul 26 17:01 1 ¥t¥~ŪªÌ¤]¥i¥H¬d¬Ý/usr/lib/news/logÀÉ®×, ¥H­è­è³o°Ê§@¨Ó»¡, ¸Ó ÀÉ®×·|¦³Ãþ¦ü¤U­±³o¤@¦æªº°O¿ý, ³oªí¥ÜINN¹BÂॿ±`¡C §Ú­Ì±q¸Ó°O¿ý¤]¥i ¥H¬Ý¥X¨Ó, INN ¥»¨­¤]¸g±µ¨ü¸Ópost, ¨Ã¥B¥¦®Ú¾ÚnewsfeedsÀɮתº³]©w, §â¸ÓpostÂ੹foo1¤Îfoo2¡C Aug 6 20:21:16.437 + not-for-mail <320rbs$ii@foo0.com.tw> foo1 foo2 INN ª¾¹D­n§â³o«Ê´ú¸Õ«HÂ੹ foo1 ¤Î foo2 ¨â³¡News Server, INN ¨s³º¬O¦p¦óÅý­t³dNews¶Ç¿éªº³nÅ骾¹D³o¤@ÂI? «Ü²³æ, °O±o§Ú­Ì«e­± ´£¹L, INN ·|¯d¤U¤@­Ó°O¿ý¦b/var/spool/news/out.going¥Ø¿ý, ³o´N¬O INN ªº¬°°eNews¦s©ñ°Ï¡C ¡¼ ¥~°eNews¦s©ñ°Ï (Outgoing News Spool) µ§ªÌ¨Ï¥Î³o­Ó¡u¥~°eNews¦s©ñ°Ï¡v¦Wµü©Î³\¤£§´, ¦]¬°©Î³\³o·|»~¾É ŪªÌ¥H¬°©Ò¦³¥~°eªºªF¦è¨ä¤º®e³£ÃB¥~¦s¦b³o¸Ì¤@¥÷, ¤£¬Oªº, ³o¸Ì¹ê»Ú ¤W¥u¬O¤@­Ó°O¿ý°Ï°ì, °O¿ý©Ò¦³¥~°e°Q½×«H¨äÀɦW¡B °Q½×«H½s¸¹µ¥µ¥³o Ãþªº°T®§¦Ó¤w, News ¶Ç¿é³nÅé´N¬O®Ú¾Ú³o°O¿ý¥h§ì¨ú©Ò¦³¥~°e°Q½×«Hªº ¤º®e, ¶Ç»¼¨ìfoo1 ¤Î foo2¨â³¡News Server¡C ·Óµ§ªÌ¤¶²Ð¤º©wªºNews(§å¦¸)¶Ç°e¤è¦¡, ©Ò¦³±q§Ú­ÌNews Server³Þ °e¥X¥hªºªF¦è, ·|¥ý°O¿ý¦b¡u¥~°eNews¦s©ñ°Ï¡v, ³o³q±`¬O/var/spool/ news/out.going/site-name, ¹ï·sªºINN News Server¨Ó»¡, ³o­Ó¥Ø¿ý³q ±`¬O¤£¦s¦bªº, §Ú­Ì¥i¥H¤U­±©R¥O¨Ó°õ¦æ: $ su - news # ¥H news ¨­¤À°õ¦æ $ mkdir /usr/spool/news/out.going §Ú­Ì©µÄò­è­è³o­Ó´ú¸Õµ²ªG¨Ó»¡, -rw-rw-r-- 1 news news 34 Aug 7 20:30 foo1 -rw-rw-r-- 1 news news 34 Aug 7 20:31 foo2 §Ú­Ì´N¨Ó¬Ý¬Ý¸ÓÀɮתº¤º®e: $ cat foo1 to/test/1 <323i0v$1rv@foo0.com.tw> ¡¼ ¦p¦ó¨ú±oNews³Þ°e (Newsfeeds) ¨ì¥Ø«e¬°¤îªº¤¶²Ð¤º®e¤¤, µ§ªÌ³£°²³]§Ú­Ì¤w¸gª¾¹D½Ö¥i¥H§@¬°§Ú­Ì ªº¤W´å, §âNews³Þ°e¤U¨Ó, ³o±¡ªp, §Ú­Ì²{¦b´N¥i¥H³qª¾¸Ó¤W´åNews Server ªººÞ²zªÌ, ¶}©l§â§Ú­Ì«ü©w±µ¦¬ (Subscribe) ªºNews¶Ç°e¹L¨Ó¡C ¥i¬O³q±`ªº±¡ªp¨Ã¤£¬O¦p¦¹, «Ü¦h®É­Ô, ¦b§Ú­Ì¨M©w«Ø¥ß¦Û¤vªºNews Server®É, §Ú­Ì¨Ã¤£ª¾¹D¦³½ÖÄ@·N (©Î¯à°÷) §âNews³Þ°eµ¹§Ú­Ì, ³o´N¬O ¥»¸`©Ò­n¤¶²Ð: ¦p¦ó¨ú±oNews³Þ°e¡C ¨ú±oNews³Þ°eªº·N¸q, ¤]´N¬O»¡, §Ú­Ì§Æ±æ³z¹L¤@³¡Usenet News ServerªºÀ°¦£, ¤]¦¨¬°Usenetªº¤@­û¡C ­n¦¨¬°Usenetªº¤@­û«D±`²³æ, ±z¤£»Ý­n¸g¹L¥ô¦óªº¥Ó½Ð, ±z¥u»Ý­n¤@³¡News Server§âNews³Þ°e¤U¨Ó, ¤£¹L³Ì¦n±z¯à¦³ÃB¥~±µ¬¢¥t¥~¤@³¡News Server°µ³Æ¥÷³Þ°e, ³o³¡¦¸­n (Secondary) News Server¥­±`¨Ã¨S¦³¯u¥¿°eNews¹L¨Ó, ·í±zªº¤W´å Server ·í±¼®É, ±z´N¥i¥Hºò«æÁpµ¸³o³¡¦¸­nNews ServerªººÞ²zªÌ§â News°e¹L¨Ó¡C ³Ì±`¨£ªº±¡ªp, ´£¨Ñ±zInternet³s½uªA°Èªº¤½¥q (Internet Provider) ´N¥i¥H´£¨Ñ±zNews³Þ°eªA°È, ±z»P¥L­ÌÁpµ¸, §i¶D¥L­Ì§A©Ò­n ªºNewsgroups¥H¤Î¶Ç°e¤è¦¡ (NNTP or UUCP or whatever)¡C °²¦p±z²Ä¤@ ¦¸ºÞ²zNews, ³Ì¦n±z¥ýª¾¹D¨s³º±zªº¤W´åServer±µ¦¬¦³­þ¨ÇªF¦è, ¤@¤Ñªº ¥æ³q¶q¤j·§¦³¦h¤j, ³o¤@ÂI«D±`­«­n, ½Ð¬Ý§Ú«á­±ªº¤ÀªR¡C ¹ï¾ãÅéNews ¥æ³q¶q¦³·§©À«á, ±z¤~·|ª¾¹D¦p¦ó®Ú¾Ú¦Û¤vªº±¡ªp¤Î±ø¥ó, ±µ¦¬©Ò¦³±z¤½ ¥q¦³¬ÛÃö©ÎªÌ¦³À°§Uªº°Q½×«H°Ï¡C °²¦p¦]¥ô¦ó²z¥Ñ, ±zµLªk¥Ñ±zªºInternet Provider¨ú±oNews³Þ°e, °²¦p±z¦b»OÆWªº¸Ü, ±z¤£§«¦btw.bbs.netnews³o­Ó°Q½×°Ïµo§G(Post)¤@­Ó ½Ð¨D«H, Àµ¨D¨ä¥LNews Server ºÞ²zªÌªºÀ°¦£¡C ¥t¥~ªº±¡ªp, °²¦p±zÁÙ¨S¦³Internet³s½u, ±z«h¥i¥H³z¹LDialup UUCP ¨ú±oNews, ¤£¹L¥Ø«e¦b»OÆW¤´¨S¦³UUCPªA°È (µ§ªÌ¬O«ü¥ÑUUCP³s½uInternet) ªºªA°È (¤£¹L´N§Ö¦³¤F), ¹ï³o¤è­±¦³¿³½ìªºªB¤Í, ½Ð±K¤Áª`·N tw.bbs.netnews¡Btw.announce¤Îtw.bbs.comp.network³o´X­Ó°Q½×«H°Ï¡C ·Óµ§µÛ²Ê²Lªº¸gÅç, ¤@³¡­è½Ï¥ÍªºNews Server¨s³º¾A¦X±µ¦¬¦h¤Öªº News, ¦³´XÂI¥²¶·ÅU¼{, ²Ä¤@ÂI´N¬O¨t²Î¥»¨­ªº­t²ü, News Server·|¦û¥Î ¬Û·í¦hªºCPU®É¶¡¡B °O¾ÐÅé¥H¤ÎDisk I/Oªº­t²ü, ±z¥²¶·±K¤Áµû¦ô¨ÃÆ[¹î ¾÷¾¹ªº¹BÂౡªp¡C ²Ä¤GÂI¬OµwºÐªÅ¶¡, °²¦p¥H¥¿±`±¡ªp¨Ó»¡, ¤@¯ëNews °Q½×«H«O¦s´Á­­¬°¨â¶g, «h±zªºµwºÐNews SpoolªÅ¶¡¥²¶·¤j©ó¤@¤Ñ©Ò¦¬¨ì ªº¶q¦A­¼¥H14¡C ³Ì«á¤@ÂI«h¬Oºô¸ô­t²ü, ³o¤@ÂI«D±`­«­n, °²¦p±z¤½¥q¬O ¥HPPP©ÎSLIP³s¤WInternet, ³Ì¦n¯d·N, ¤£­nÅý¹L­«ªºNews¥æ³q¶q¦û¥Î¤F¥þ ³¡½u¸ô, ±z¥i¥H¥[´î­¼°£±zªº½u¸ôÀW¼e¥H¤Î©Ò±µ¦¬ªºNews¥æ³q¶q, ¥H¤U§Ú ´N¨Ó¤¶²Ð¦U°Q½×«H°Ïªº¥æ³q¶q¡C ®Ú¾Ú1994 ¤C¤ë©³UUNET©Ò²Î­pªºUsenet¥æ³q¶q³ø¾É (¤½§G¦bnews.lists ³o­Ó°Q½×«H°Ï), ³æ³æ¥H¥Ø«e»OÆW¥»¦aªº°Q½×«H (¤Z¥Htw¶}ÀY¤§«H°Ï) ¨Ó»¡, ¥­§¡¤@¤Ñªº¥æ³q¶q¬ù¬°1.4 MB¤§¶¡, ³o¼Æ¦rÁÙ¨S¦³§âhinet.*¡Bseed.*¤Î nsysu.* (®É³ø§Y®É·s»D) µ¥¥]§t¶i¥h¡C¥H¥þ²y©Ê¹q¸£¬ÛÃö°Q½×«H°Ï (¥H comp¶}ÀYªÌ) ¨Ó»¡, ¤@¤Ñ´N¦³¶W¹L11MB ªº¥æ³q¶q, news.*°Q½×°Ï«h¬ù¦³ 2.7 MB¡C ¨C¤Ñ¤j¬ù¦³¦p±zªºNews Server±µ¦¬tw.*¡B news.* ¤Îcomp.* ³o ¤T­Ó½d³òªº°Q½×«H (¦pªG¯à°÷, µ§ªÌ«Ø¥ß±z¤½¥q¦Ü¤Ö±µ¦¬³o¤TÃþªº«H°Ï), ¨C¤@¤Ñ¤Ö»¡´N¦³13MBªºNews¥æ³q¶q·|¦û¥Î±¼±zªº½u¸ô (°²³]»¡±z¨S¦³À£ÁY ¶Ç°e)¡C¨ä¥¦ªº³¡¥÷±z¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò¤Uªí, ¤Uªíªº¼Æ¾Ú¬O¨â¶gªº¥æ³q¶q¡C Article Total Category Count Mbytes Percent Mbytes 1 alt 222772 840.095999 50.7% 962.952712 *2 rec 176243 256.291224 15.5% 348.578895 *3 comp 120211 190.221057 11.5% 255.132679 *4 soc 59688 125.437859 7.6% 159.241423 *5 misc 31388 45.973892 2.8% 62.360896 6 clari 37041 43.925094 2.7% 65.271367 7 relcom 43129 40.029670 2.4% 68.871250 *8 sci 21257 39.352688 2.4% 51.005692 9 bit 24449 35.160489 2.1% 51.075306 *10 news 5660 33.943109 2.0% 37.502226 *11 talk 14170 33.264778 2.0% 41.964600 12 de 12047 25.320396 1.5% 32.673115 13 fj 12277 23.689749 1.4% 31.518749 14 fido 21990 22.026869 1.3% 34.959081 15 fido7 20226 19.593260 1.2% 36.562108 16 zer 13106 19.292393 1.2% 29.273975 17 ncar 9198 19.107149 1.2% 23.817022 18 tw 18107 12.349069 0.7% 19.754560 ¡¼ News ¦p¦ó³Þ°e¶i¨Ó ·í¤W´åNews Server²Ä¤@¦¸±NNews³Þ°e¶i¨Ó«á, INN ·|¦Û°Ê¦b /usr/spool/news¥Ø¿ý¤U«Ø³y¹ïÀ³¥Ø¿ý, ¤ñ¤è¤@­ÓÄÝ©ótw.bbs.netnews«H °Ïªº°Q½×«H¶i¨Ó«á (¥B¨ä¦bactive¤Înewsfeeds¦³«ü©w), INN ·|¦Û°Êªº ³y¥X/usr/spool/news/tw/bbs/netnews/1 ¥Ø¿ý¤ÎÀɦW, ¸ÓÀɦW¬° 1 ªºÀÉ ®×´N¦¬¦s¦³³o«Ê°Q½×«Hªº¤º®e¡C ¡¼ cron ³]©w cron ªº³]©w¬ONews Server³Ì«á¤@­Ó¨BÆJ¤F, ¤£½×INN©ÎC-News ¨Ó»¡, ³£¦³«Ü¦h¤u§@¥²»Ý¨Ì¿à cron ¨Ó±Ò°Ê°õ¦æ, Newsªº¥~°e»P¨C¤éNewsªººûÅ@ ¤u§@´N¬O¨ä¤¤¤§¤G¡C §Ú«Øij¥Hnews¨­¤À, ½s¿è¤@­Ócrontab.newsÀÉ®×, ¸ÓÀɮפU¥[¤J¥H¤U ¤º®e: ## cron table for news ## invoke send-nntp to send news to foo1 very 10 minutes 0,10,20,30,40,50 * * * * /usr/lib/news/send-nntp foo1 foo1.com.tw ## invoke send-uucp to send news to foo1 very 4 hours 0 0,4,8,12,16,20 * * * /usr/lib/news/send-uucp foo2 ¤§«á°õ¦æ¥H¤U«ü¥O (±zªºUnix¨t²Î­Y¤£¤@¼Ë, ½Ð¬d¬Ýman crontab): $ crontab -r crontab.news ©ÎªÌ $ crontab crontab.news ¡¼ ­«·s±Ò°ÊINN ¥Ñ©óINN §â©Ò¦³°t³ÆÀɮצs¯d¦b°O¾ÐÅé, ·í§Ú­Ì­×§ï°t³ÆÀɤ§«á, §Ú ­Ì¥i¥H¥u­nINN­«·s¸ü¤J¸Ó°t³ÆÀÉ, ¦p¦¹¸Ó­×§ï³¡¥÷¥i¥H¥ß¨è¥Í®Ä, ¦ÓµL¶· ­«·s±Ò°ÊINN¡C /usr/lib/news/bin/ctlinnd reload active "INN active file modified" /usr/lib/news/bin/ctlinnd reload hosts.nntp "hosts.nntp modified" /usr/lib/news/bin/ctlinnd reload newsfeeds "newsfeeds updated" /usr/lib/news/bin/ctlinnd reload overview.fmt "overview.fmt updated" ¦³Ãöctlinnd «ü¥Oªº»¡©ú, ½Ð¥Îctlinnd -h¤Îman ctlinnd¨Ó¬d¾\¡C ¡¼ ¥ÑNews¥»¨­¨D§U ªì¦¸ºÞ²zNews ServerªºªB¤Í«Ü®e©ö·|¹J¨ì¦U¦¡¦U¼Ëªº§xÃø, ¦ý¬O¥Ñ ©óNewsºÞ²z§Þ³N¥Ø«e¦b»OÆW¤´¤£´¶¹M, ±z·Q­n§ä­Ó¤H¥i¥H·í­±¸ß°Ý, À³¸Ó ¬O«ÜÃøªº¡C §Ú«Øij±z¤£§«¥ÑNews¥»¨­¨Ó¨D§U¡C Usenet News ¦³¬Û·í¦h¬ÛÃöªº°Q½×«H°Ï, ±z¥i¥H¦b³o¨Ç«H°Ï´£¥X°ÝÃD ¡C ¥H¤Uµ§ªÌ«Øijªº¤T­Ó«H°Ï¤¤, tw.bbs.netnews ÄÝ©ó»OÆW¥»¦aªº«H°Ï, ³o«H°Ïªº°Q½×½d³ò¥]§t¤F¥ô¦ó¸òNews Server¡B News Transport ¤Î News Reader¦³Ãöªº¸ÜÃD¡C news.software.nntp «h¬O¥þ²y©ÊNNTP¶Ç¿é¬ÛÃö¸ÜÃD ¡C tw.bbs.netnews tw.bbs.comp.network news.software.nntp ¡¼ ½d¨Ò: ¦p¦ó¼W¥[¤@­Ó¤U´å ³o¸Ìµ§ªÌ´N¥Î¤@­Ó²³æªº¨Ò¤l¨Ó¦^ÅU¤@¤U¥H¤Wªº³]©w²Ó¸`¡C °²³]³o ³¡·sINN News Server ¤Þ¸g¯à°÷í©w¹BÂà, ³o®É­Ô±z±µ¨ì¤@­Ó½Ð¨D, ¦³ ¥t¥~¤@³¡·sªºNews Server½Ð¨D±zªº³Þ°e¤ä´©, ³o®É­Ô±z¤j·§­n°µ©³¤U´X ¥ó¨Æ: (°²³]¸Ó¾÷¾¹ªº¬Onewman.com.tw) 1. ­×§ïhosts.nntp, §Ú­Ì²Ä¤@¨B´N¬O­nµ¹³o³¡¾÷¾¹¦³¶Ç¿éªºÅv¤O, §Ú­Ì ¥i¥H¦b¸ÓÀɮפº¥[¤J©³¤U³o¤@¦æ¡C newman.com.tw: ¤§«á inncheck hosts.nntp # Àˬd¬O§_¦³¿ù ctlinnd reload hosts.nntp "updated INN xfer permission" 2. ­×§ïnewsfeeds, §Ú­Ì®Ú¾Ú¹ï¤è©Ò½Ð¨Dªºnewsgroups, ¨Ó­×§ï¸ÓÀÉ®×, °²³]¹ï¤è§Æ±æ±µ¦¬¥þ³¡tw.* ¶}ÀYªº»OÆW¥»¦a°Q½×«H°Ï¡C newman/newman.com.tw:!*,tw.*:Tf,Wnm: ¤§«á°õ¦æ inncheck newsfeeds ctlinnd reload newsfeeds "updated newsfeeds for newman" 3. ¦bcron ¥[¤J¹ïnewsman©w®É¶Ç¿éªº³]©w ¥Hnews¨­¤À, ¦bnewsªºcrontab¤¤¥[¤J: 0,10,20,30,40,50 * * * * /usr/lib/news/send-nntp newman newman.com.tw ¤§«á­«·s°õ¦æcrontab crontab¡C ¥u¦³¤T­Ó¨BÆJ, °÷²³æ§a! ¡¼ Linux INN ¦b³o¸Ì§Ú¶¶«K§â¸ÜÃD¤Þ¤JLinux, ³o¬O¦]¬°Linux¬O³Ì¥X¦âªºUnix, ¤× ¨ä¦bºô¸ô»P³q°T¤è­±¡C Linux ªºINN ¤£¶Ë±zªº¸£µ¬, ±z»´©ö½Õ¾ã´N¥i¥H ¬£¤W¥Î³õ¡C Slackware Linux ªþ¦³C-News »P INN¨â®MNews Server³nÅé («ü©w¦w ¸Ë©Ò¦³n¨t¦Cªº³nÅé, ´N¥i¥H¾Ö¦³), ³o¨â®M³£¤w¸g¬O¥i°õ¦æ½X, ¦Ó¥B³£¤w ¸g¬O¥¿½T¦w¸Ë¦nªº³nÅé, ±z°ß¤@­n°µªº´N¬O·Ó§Ú¤W­±ªº»¡©ú, ¨Ã«ö·Ó±zªº »Ý¨D¨Ó½Õ¾ã§Y¥i, ³o¬O¬°¦ó§Ú­è­è»¡Linux ªº INN¤£¶Ë±z¸£µ¬¡C ±Ä¥ÎLinux ¨Ó´£¨Ñºô¸ô¸Ñ¨M¤è®×ªºÅªªÌ»Ý­nª`·N¤@ÂI, INN »PC-News µ´¹ï¤£¯à²VµÛ¥Î, INN »P C-News ¦³¦U¦Ûªºinews»Prnews¡C ·ÓSlackwre Linuxªº¤º©w±¡ªp, ¨t²Îªº/usr/bin/inews»P/usr/bin/rnews¬O³sµ²¨ì /usr/local/lib/news¥Ø¿ý¤§¤U, ¤£¥u³o¤@ÂI, Linux ªº Tin ¤º«Ø·|¥hŪ ¨ú/usr/local/lib/news³o­Ó¦ì¸mªºNews Server, ³o¬OC-News©Ò¦b¡C ²³æ ªº»¡, C-News¬O¤º©wNews Server¡C ¦³ÃöC-Newsªº¤¶²Ð, §Ú·|¦b¤U¤@´Á±M Ä椶²Ð¡C ­Y±z·Q§ï¥ÎINN§@¬°News Serverªº¸Ü, ±z¤j¬ù¦³´X¥ó¨Æ: ¤U­±ªº¾Þ§@¬O´«±¼/usr/local/lib/news, §ï¬°³sµ²ÀÉ, ³s¨ì/usr/lib/news $ mv /usr/local/lib/news /usr/local/lib/c-news $ cd /usr/local/lib $ ln -s ../../lib/news news ¤U­±ªº¾Þ§@´«±¼inews»Prnews (¤]´N¬O§ï¥ÎINNªºinews»Prnews) $ cd /usr/bin $ ln -sf ../lib/news/inews inews $ ln -sf ../lib/news/rnews news ³Ì«á¤@­Ó°Ê§@¬O¨ú®ø/etc/inetd.conf¤ºnntp port, ¦p¦¹inetd ³o­Ó super server´N¤£·|¥h¬Ý¦unntp (½s¸¹119) ³o­Óport, ¦ÓÅýINN¦Û¤v¨Ó¡C µ²§À: ¥»¤å¤¤, µ§ªÌªá¤F«Ü¦hªº®É¶¡»P¤ß¦å, ¨Ó«ä¦Ò¦p¦ó§â¬ÛÃöNews§Þ³N©Ê ªº¾ãÅéÆ[©À°µ¤¶²Ð, §Ú²q·Q, ³o¥i¥HÀ°§U­è­n¶}©l±µÄ²News¨t²ÎºÞ²zªºÅª ªÌªB¤Íª¾¹D¨Æ±¡¬O«ç»ò¤@¦^¨Æ, ¦P®É¤]¥i¥Hª¾¹D, ¦U³¡¥÷News³nÅé¬O¦p¦ó °t¦X§@·~¡C ¦ý¬Oµ§ªÌ¤]ª¾¹D, ¥»¤å¦³ÃöINN¤¶²Ðªº²`«×¤´µM«D±`¦³­­, ¤× ¨ä¬Û·í¦hªº¾Þ§@²Ó¸`»P³]©w, µ§ªÌ¥u°µ³Ìºë²ªº¤¶²Ð, §ó¨S¦³´£¨ì¦p¦ó°£ ¿ù, ¹ï©ó³o³¡¥÷, §Ú§Æ±æŪªÌ¦Û¦æ¥ÑINN FAQ¸É¨¬, INN FAQ¬O¤@­Óµ´¹ï¤£ ¯à¿ù¹Lªº«ü«n¡C ³Ì«á, §Æ±æŪªÌ­Ì¥i¥H¥Ñ¥»¤å¨ü¯q¡C ¦³¶i¤@¨B¸ß°Ýµ§ªÌ°ÝÃDªºªB¤Í, ½Ðª½±µÁpµ¸§Ú, µ§ªÌ«Ü¼Ö·N¬Ý¨ìŪªÌªB¤Í­Ìª½±µªº¨Ó¨ç¥æ¬y, ¤×¨äÀµ½Ð¨ä ¥L¥ý¶i¯à°÷¤£§[¨Ó¨ç«ü±Ð, ¦b¦¹§Ú¤]¥ý­PÁÂ¥æ¤j³¯©÷²±¥ý¥Í(chen@cc.nctu. edu.tw) ªº¤j¤O«ü¾É¡C ªB¤Í­Ì½Ð¥HE-mailÁpµ¸§Ú, ¨Ó¨ç¤¤­^¤å¬Ò¥i, ½Ð ¥ÎE-mail±H¨ìyuan@UUserv.Net.tw¡C §Ú­Ì¤U¦^¨£¡C <================== ¥H¤U¬°³¯©÷²±¥ý¥Í¹ï¦¹¤å¤§µû½×=============================> > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- < ¤jÅé¤W, ³o¤@½g¤å³¹, ¹ï NetNews services ªº¤¶²Ð, ¬Û·í²`¤J, ¤åµ§¤]¬Û·í¬yºZ. ¤£¹L, ­Ó¤H¥J²Ó¾\Ū¤@¤U. ¨ä¤¤¦³³\¦h¦a¤è, §Ú¦³³\¦h¤£¦Pªº¬Ýªk. ¬Æ¦Ü§Úµo²{, ¦³´X­Ó¦a¤èªº»¡©ú¬O¿ù»~ªº. ( ©³¤U±N¤@¤@¦C¥X. ) * Ãö©ó INN newsfeeds ªº³]©w, ­ì¨Óªº¤å³¹ªº»¡©ú, ¦³¿ù»~. * ®Ú¾Ú¤@¯ëªº¤F¸Ñ, Disk I/O ¬O¼vÅT News server performance ³ÌÃöÁ䪺¦]¯À, ±µ¤U¨Ó¤~¬O network bandwidth. ¦A¨ä¦¸¬O memory size. ¦Ü©ó CPU ªº¼vÅT¤O, °£¤F³\¦h­nÃB¥~´£¨Ñ UUCP, ÀÉ®×À£ÁYªA°Èªº¯¸¥x¥~, ¤@¯ë News server ªº CPU ¨Ï¥Î²v, ¨Ã¤£°ª. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Note: ÁöµM, ­ì¤å¥½§À, ¦³§Úªº¦W¦r, ¦ý¬O­Ó¤H«o¬Oªñ¤é, ¸g¥Ñ³o¤@­Ó repost, ¤~­º¦¸, ±o¥HŪ¨ì³o¤@½g¤å³¹ªº¤º®e. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Hwang Yi-Min (hym84@cs.ccu.edu.tw),25 Feb 1996 06:27:45 GMT wrote: : ¡¼ Netnews³nÅé§Þ³N¸ÑªR [delete] : : ²Ä¤G¼h­±«h¬ONetnews Server, ³o³¡¥÷¯u¥¿¬ONews³nÅ骺¥D·F, ³o : ³¡¥÷¥»¨t¦C±MÄæ·|¤¶²ÐINN¤ÎC-News ¨â®M³nÅé, ³o¨â­Ó³£¬O UnixÀ³¥Î³n : Åé¡C News Server¬O­t³d±NNews °Q½×«H(Article) ¦¬¤JÂkÀÉ(Filing)¡B : °õ¦æÂà°e(Forwarding)ªA°È¡B News¹L´ÁºÞ²z¡B ¥H¤ÎNews¾\Ū¤Î¶Ç¿éÅv : ­­ªº³]©w, ½Ñ¦p¦¹Ãþªºº¾¨Æ¡C News Server¤@¥¹³]©w§¹¦¨«á, ¥H¤Wªº°Ê : §@³£·|¥þ¦Û°Êªº°õ¦æ, ¦ÓµL¶·¤H¤u¯A¤J¡C News ServerªººÞ²z§Þ³N¬O¥» ³Ì«á¤@¤p¬qªº»¡©ú, "µL¶·¤H¤u¯A¤J", ³o¤@ÂIªº»¡ªk, ¦ü¥G©yµy¥[­×§ï. News ¬O¤@­Ó ¬Û·í active ªº services. ¤W­±©Ò¦Cªº³]©w, ÁöµM¨Ã¤£ ¬O©Ò¦³³£»Ý¸g±`­×§ï, ¦ý¬O¹L¤@°}¤l¤p­×¤@µf, «o¬O«D±`¦³¥²­n. : ²Ä¤T­Ó¼h­±«h¬O­t³d¶Ç¿é(Transport)ªº³¡¥÷, News ¶Ç¿é¤u¨ã¥D­n : ¦s¦b©óServer¹ïServerªº³Þ°e, ¤@¯ë±`¥Îªº¶Ç¿é¤èªk¦³NNTP¡B UUCP¤Î : E-Mailµ¥µ¥, INN »P C-News³£¤ä´©¥H¤W¤TºØ¶Ç¿é¤èªk, ¤£¹L C-News¤º : ©w¥u¤ä´©UUCP¤ÎE-Mail¶Ç¿é, INN¤º©w¥u¤ä´©NNTP¤ÎUUCP¶Ç¿é¡C ¤£¤Ó¤F¸Ñ³oùØ©Ò«üªº e-mail ¶Ç¿é¬O¤°»ò. INN ¥»¨­¤]¥i¥H³]©w¦¨, ±N¬Y¨Ç newsgroups ªº articles ª½±µ±H¥X¨Ó, ¥u­nµy¬°¥[¨Ç³]©w, INN ¤]¥i¥H±µ¨ü sendmail ±H¨Ó, ©ÒÂনªº post ( rnews and/or inews ). : Ãö©óNewsªº¹B§@, News ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¬O³z¹LNews Reader³nÅé¨ÓŪ¨ú(Read) : ©Îµo°e (Post) , ³oÃþ³nÅé¥i¥HºÙ¤§¬°News¬É­±³nÅé©ÎªÌNewsŪ¨ú³nÅé¡C : ·í¨Ï¥ÎªÌµo°e¥X¤@«Ê°Q½×«H®É, News Server ¥ß¨è±µ¤â³B²z¡C­º¥ýServer : ·|§â¸Ó«Ê°Q½×«H©ñ¦b¦Û¤vªºNews Spool (/var/spool/news) ¤§¤U, ¦P®É : ¦b¥~°e¹w³Æ°Ï (³q±`¬O/var/spool/news/out.going/site ©Î /var/spool : /news/out.going/site/togo) ¯d¤U¤@¥÷°O¿ý¡C ³o¸Ì, News Server¹ï : News ReaderªºªA°È¬O§Y®Éªº, ¤]´N¬O»¡, ¥H¤W³o¨Ç¬yµ{¬O¤@Àþ¶¡§¹¦¨, : ¦Ó¥B¬O³s³eªº¡C : : ±µ¤U¨Ó´N¥ÑNews Transport³nÅé±µ¤â, ¤£¹L, News Server¨ìNews : Transport¤§¶¡´N¤£¤@©w¬O§Y®É¶i¦æ, ¥¿±`ªº¸Ü, ­t³d°õ¦æ¶Ç¿éªº³nÅé : ¬O¥Ñ cron ©w®É±Ò°Ê, ¤§«á¨Ì·Ó/var/spool/news/out.going/site³o¥÷ : °O¿ý, §âNews¥~°e¨ì¤U´åªºNews Server¡C ·Ó¤º©wª¬ºA, INN »P C-News : ªº¶Ç¿é¤u§@³£¥²¶·³z¹L cron ¨Ó±a°Ê, ³o¬O¨å«¬ªº§å¦¸³B²z¼Ò¦¡, ¦Ü©ó : ¦p¦ó¹F¨ì§Y®É³B²z, §Ú¤§«á·|¤¶²Ð¡C Ãö©ó News server ¹B§@­ì²z³o¤@¬q, ¤Ö¤F¤@­Ó batch processing ªº«e´£, ¨Æ¹ê¤W, ³\¦h News server ÁÙ¦³¦n´XºØ¤£¦Pªº³B²z¤è¦¡. ¤@¯ë News server ªº°Ê§@, ¥u¦³¦b batch mode, °Ê§@¤~¬O·Ó¤W­±ªº´y­z. ¨Ò¦p, ¦pªG¬O³z¹L nntplink µ¥¶Ç¿éµ{¦¡, ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¨ä¥Lªº logfile mode, ¬Æ©Î channel mode (or stdin), ¨º»ò News server ªº°Ê§@, ´N©M³o¨Ç, ¦³¬Û·í µ{«×ªº®t²§. ( ¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò nntplink ªº README ) ¥H INN ªº channel mode ¬°¨Ò, ·í nnrpd ±µ¦¬¨ì¤@­Ó post ®É, ·|Âà¦Ó³]ªk ±N¸Ó article ¥æµ¹ innd, µM«á innd ¤@¤è­±, ®Ú¾Ú newsfeeds ªº³]©w, ³]ªk±N ¸Ó article ¥ß¨èÂà¥æµ¹¬ÛÃöªº nntplink(s), ¥t¤@¤è­±¤]³]ªk, ±N ³o­Ó article ¦s¨ì¹ïÀ³ªº directory ( News Spool ). ¦pªG·f°t±o·í, ¤£·|¦³ site and/or togo ³o¨Ç file ªº²£¥Í, °£¤F filing (¦s¤J Spool) ¨º¤@¦¸¥~, ¤£»Ý­n¨ä¥¦ÃB¥~ªº Disk I/O. ¥t¥~, ¦p logfile mode, ¤]¤£·|²£¥Í³o¤@¨Ç batch. : ¡¼ INN/C-News Â\¦b­þ­Ó¥Ø¿ý : : ¤j³¡¤À±¡ªp, §Ú­Ì¨ú±oINN©ÎC-News³nÅé¬O¥HSource Code±¡ªp¦s¦b, ³o : ±¡ªp§Ú­Ì¥i¥H¨M©w, ¨s³º¸Ó§âServer³nÅéÂ\¦bÀɮרt²Îªº­þ¸Ì, µ§ªÌ«Øij : ¦p¤U(³o«Øij·¥¥i¯à¤]¬O¤j³¡¤À¤H©Ò±Ä¥Îªºª¬ªp): : : /usr/lib/news: News Serverªº¬ÛÃö³]©wÀÉ®× : /usr/lib/news/bin: News ServerªþÄݬÛÃö¤u¨ãµ{¦¡ ³oÀ³¸Ó¬O³\¦h Linux packages ¤ºªþªº INN ªº³]©w, ­ì¥ý INN ªº config.dist ªº default À³¸Ó¬O /usr/local/news. : ¥t¥~¤@ÂI, ¤£½×¿ï¾ÜC-News©ÎINN, ³£­n§â inews »P rnews¨â¤§¤u¨ã : µ{¦¡Â\¦bPATH¸ô®|¤§¤º, ³q±`¬O/usr/bin©Î/usr/local/bin, ¹ê»Ú¤Wªº§@ : ªk¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î³sµ²ÀÉ, ³sµ²¨ìINN©ÎC-News©Òªþªºinews/rnews¡C ³o¨â¤äµ{ : ¦¡¤]¬ONews Server¤u¨ãµ{¦¡¤¤, °ß¤@¥²¶·½T©w¦ì©ó¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³q¥Î¸ô®| : ¤¤ªº¨â¤äµ{¦¡¡C ³o¤@¨Ç, ¤w¸g¤ñ¸û¤£­«­n¤F. ¥Ø«e³z¹L NNTP ¨ÓŪ News ¤w¸g¬O¤j¶Õ©ÒÅX, ³o¨Ç News reader, ¤£ºÞ¬O Unix, Dos, Windows,... µ¥³£ªþ¦³ mini-inews. °£¤F e-mail post or UUCP ¥~, News server ¤Wªº inews and/or rnews, ´X ¥G¤wµL¥ÎªZ¤§¦a. : ¡¼ INN vs C-News ¥Î INN or C-News, ÁÙ¬O¦³³\¦h«ÈÆ[ªº«ü¼Ð. ¨ä¤¤¤§¤@, C-News µo®i¦b«e, INN ¦b«á. ²{¦b¦³¿³½ìªº user, ¤£§«¥hŪ¤@Ū news.software.b, news.software.nntp, ³o´X­Ó newsgroups ¤Wªº articles, ´N¥i¥HÅé·| ¤j¦h¼Æªº¸ÜÃD, ³£³ò¶¦b INN ¤W. : ¥H¥\¯à¨Ó»¡, INN³nÅé¬ùµ¥©óC-News+NNTP1.5.11, ³o¨âªÌ¦P¼Ë³£¤ä´© : UUCP¡BNNTP¤ÎE-mail¶Ç¿é¡C INN ¥i¥H°µ¨ì§¹¥þ§Y®ÉªºNews¥æ´«, ¹ï©ó¤W : ´å³Þ°e¶i¨ÓªºNews, ¥i¥Hª½±µ¦b°O¾ÐÅ餤³B²z, ¤§«áª½±µ¦¬¤JNews Spool : ÂkÀÉ¡C ¹ï©ó°e¥XªºNews¤]¤@¼Ë, ¥¦¥i¥H°µ¨ì¨S¦³°±¹yªº¥ß¨è°e¨ì¤U´å : News Server¡C INN ¯à°÷¦p¦¹, ¬O¥Î¤j¶q¨t²Î¸ê·½´«¨Óªº, ¦]¬°INN¦û¥Î : ¨ì¸û¦hªºCPU®É¶¡»P°O¾ÐÅéªÅ¶¡¡C ¹ïC-News+NNTP1.5.11¨Ó»¡, ¥Ñ©ó¨âªÌ : ³£¨S¦³±`¾n°O¾ÐÅé, ©Ò¥H¥i¥H¬Û¹ï¸`¬ÙCPU¤Î°O¾ÐÅ骺¨Ï¥Î, ¤£¹L C-News : ¥H¤ÎNNTP1.5.11 ¬I¥[©óµwºÐªºÅª¼g­t²ü»·°ª©óINN«Ü¦h¡C ³o¤@¬qªº´y­z, ¤w¸g¤j²¤ÂI¥X, INN ©M C News ªº¥D­nªº¤£¦PÂI. - ²{¦bªº RAM ¬Û¹ï¤w¸g«Ü«K©y¤F, ¬°¤F performance, ¦h¦h¥Î RAM, why not ? INN ¥D­n¦³ innd ³o¤@­Ó daemon ¦b¥D±±¥þ§½. ¨Æ¹ê¤W innd ¤ñ C-News + nntpd, ±j¤Ó¦h¤F. INN ªº newsfeedÀɪº, ³o¤@¶µ³]­p, ´X¥G¥i¥H»¡¬O¬Û·í¦¨¥\ªº¦a¤è. ¥i¥HÅý³\¦h¦³³Ð³y¤OªººÞ²zªÌ, ±N³\¦h¥~±¾ªº services ©M News , ¬Û·í®e©öªº, µ²¦X¦b¤@°_. ( INN/newsfeeds vs sendmail/sendmail.cf ) : ¡¼ NNTP/UUCP/E-mail ³Þ°e¤è¦¡ : ­Ó¨¤¸¨, §Y®É©ÊªºNNTP¶Ç°e¥i¥H¹F¨ì¦p¦¹¡C ¦ý¬O°²¦p±z·QÅý±zªº½u¸ôÀW : ¼e°µ³Ì¸gÀÙ¹ê´fªº¨Ï¥Î, «hUUCPÀ£ÁY¶Ç°e¥i¥H¹F¦¨³o¥Ø¼Ð, ·Óµ§ªÌªº´ú ¥Î UUCP ¬O¦Ò¶qÀW¼eªº¿ï¾Ü¤§¤@. ¥u¬O¥Î UUCP ¨Ã¤£¤@©w¬O, ·G»ùªº. ³z¹L UUCP ¨ÓÂà°e News, ¼Ò¦¡°ò¥»¤W¦p¤U. 1) ¬O¥ý§@ batch, 2) ¦AÀ£ÁY, 3) ¦A¶Ç. ( tranmission phase ) 4) ¨ì¥Øªº¦a«á, ¦A¸ÑÀ£ÁY, 5) ¦b un-batch. 1), 2) ¬O¤W´å News server ©Ò¥²»Ý­t¾áªº­«¥ô. ¤£­n¤p¬Ý³o¨Ç batching, compressing ªº load, ³\¦hÃB¥~ªº Disk I/O ¤ÎÃB¥~ªº CPU time, µ´¹ï¬O ¥²­nªº. ±q¤U´å News server ¥u³B²z³æ¤@­Ó link (batch) ·íµM¤£·|ı±o¦p¦ó, ¦ý¬O±q¤W´å site ¨Ó¬Ý, ¤U´åªº±µ¦¬ site ¤@¦h, ´N«Ü¦³±oÁ@... ¥t¥~, UUCP ¬O¥t¥~¤@®M packages, ©Ò¥H°£¤F News ¥H¥~, ºÞ²zªÌÁÙ¥²¶·À´³o¤@®M. °w¹ï³o¤@ÂI, ¥Ø«eºô¸ô¤W, ¤]¤w¸g¦³¤Hµo®i¥X, ³\¦h NNTP ªºÅܧÎ, - xbatch, ÁöµM¬O NNTP, ¦ý¬O«o¬O¥ý¸g¥Ñ compress ¤§«á, ¦A¶Ç. °e¨ì¥Øªº¦a «á, ¦A¸ÑÀ£ÁY. ­ì²z©M, UUCP batching, compress ,.. µ¥¬yµ{¬Û¦ü. ºô¸ô¤W, ¥i¥H§ä¨ì³o¤@²Õµ{¦¡, °ò¥»¤W¥u­n patch INN ªºµ{¦¡, ¤£»Ý­n¦A¥t¥~, ¨Ì¿à UUCP µ¥µ{¦¡. - streaming NNTP, ­×§ï¥Ø«e NNTP ªº¶Ç°e¼Ò¦¡, ³æ¦ì®É¶¡¤º, ¥i¥H¶Ç°e§ó¦h ªº news articles. ¹³ innunoff2,3,4 µ¥, ´N¦³³o¤@²Õ¥\¯à. ( streaming vs pipeline ) BTW, ¨ä¹ê, ¹³²{¦b«Ü¦h¤½¥q, WWW server ¤]³°³°ÄòÄò¦³«Ø, 64k ¥H¤Wªº±M½u, ´X¥G¬O ¶]¤£±¼ªº. ÀW¼e°ÝÃD, ¤Ï¦Ó¤w¸g¤£¬O¥D­nªº¦Ò¶q. : INN ¦³¤@­Ó¬Û·í¤£¿ùªºFAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) ¤å¥ó, ¨ì ºô¸ô¤W¬y¶Çªº INN ªº FAQ, ¥Ø«e¤w¸g²Ó¤À¬° 9 ­Ó parts. : ¡¯ INN °ò¥»°t³ÆÀɤ¶²Ð [deleted] : active ©w¸q©Ò¦³Newsgroup : newsfeeds ¨M©w¥»News Server©Ò¤Þ¤J¡B ¥H¤Î³Þ°e¨ì¤U´åªºServer ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ³o¤@ÂI¬O¿ù»~ªº. ´¿¥ý¥Íªº¤å³¹, Ãö©ó INN ªº newsfeeds ¤¤, ME ³o¤@­Ó entry ªº¥\¯à ªº»¡©ú, ¦³¤@­ÓÄY­«ªº¿ù»~. ( §Ú²q, ¥i¯à¬O±q C News ¨t²Î¤W, ±o¨Óªº¦L¶H ). ME ·Ó¦r­±, «Ü®e©öÅý¤HÁp·Q¨ì, me (­^¤åªº §Ú), C News ªº¥Îªk, ªº½T ¬O¥Nªí, Ãö©ó¥»¯¸ªº³]©w, ¦ý¬O¦b INN 1.4 «o¤£¬O³o¼Ë. ¸Ô±¡, ¥i°Ñ¦Ò INN ©Òªþªº manual pages. ==> man newsfeeds : ¡­ newsfeeds : : newsfeedsÀɮתº³]©w, ºâ¬OINN News Server³Ì­«­nªº¤u§@, ¤]¬O§x : Ãø«×³Ì°ªªº³¡¥÷¡C newsfeedsÀɮרM©w³o³¡News Server­n±µ¦¬­þ¨Ç : newsgroup, ¥H¤Î­n³Þ°e­þ¨Çnewsgroup¥X¥h¡C INN (innd) ¨M©w¦¬­þ¨Ç newsgroups ¥D­n¥Ñ active ¨Ó¨M©w. ¤£¬O¥Ñ newsfeeds. innd ¾a newsfeeds ¨Ó¨M©w, ­n¥á ­þ¨Ç newsgroups ªº articles µ¹­þ¨Ç site ­t³dªºµ{¦¡ (nntplink) or ²£¥Í batch files, Åý¨ä¥¦ªºµ{¦¡¨ÓÂà°e. Ãö©ó, newsfeeds ³o­ÓÀÉ, ¨ä¤¤, ME ³o¤@¶µ, ¦³¨â­Ó¯S§O¥\¯à: 1) ©w¸q©Ò¦³ site, ¦@¦Pªº pre-subscription list. 2) ©w¸q, ¥»¯¸©Ò¯S§O care ªº distributions ( ¤£¬O newsgroups ). - ³o¤@­Ó¥\¯à, ¬O¦h¥[¤@­Ó¹LÂoªº°Ê§@, ´N¬O¦b®Ú¾Ú active Àɪº¬ö¿ý¤¤, ±µ¨úªñ¨Óªº articles, ¦A¥[¥H¤ñ¹ï. ¦b distribution ªº½d³ò¤º, ©ÎªÌ¨S¦³ distribution ­­¨î, ´N±µ¦¬. §_«h, ´N±Ë±ó. distribution ¬O¤@­Ó­­¨î¬y¶Çªº¥\¯à, ¤£¹L¥Ø«e¤@¯ëºô¸ô¤Wªº²ßºD, ³o¤@¶µ¥\¯à, ¤w´X¥G¦W¦s¹ê¤`. ¤£¥Îªº¤H, ¤ñ¥Îªº¤H, ¦h¤Ó¦h¤F... : ## /usr/lib/news/newsfeeds : ## ME³o¤@¦æ©w¸q¥»Server©Ò±µ¦¬ªºNewsgroup, ¥H#¶}ÀYªº¬°µù¸Ñ¦æ, ³o¸Ì : ## ¥u©w¸q±µ¦¬¤Z¬O¥Hcomp¡Bnews¡Btwµ¥µ¥¶}ÀYªºnewsgroup, local.test¬°¤º : ## ³¡´ú¸Õ±M¥Î¡C : ME:!*,comp.*,news.*,tw.*,local.test:: ³o¤@®Mµù¸Ñ¬O¿ù»~ªº. ME ªº¥\¥Î, ¥u¬O°µ¬°©³¤U¦U site ªº pre-subscription list. ¤]´N¬O, ³o¤@°ï "!*,comp.*,...local.test" ·|¥[¦b©³¤U, foo1, foo2, ... ¨C¤@­Ó site ªº±µ¦¬ ªº newsgroups list ¤§«e. ( prepend ) : ## NNTP feed using 'send-nntp', foo1¬°¥»Serverªº¤W´å, ³o¸Ì§â¬Û¦Pªº : ## ªF¦è³Þ°e¦^¥h¡C : foo1/foo1.com.tw\ : :!*,comp.*,news.*,tw.*,local.test\ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ³o¤@­Ó¨Ò¤l. ³o¤@­Ó "!*" ¤w¸g±N ME ©Ò©w¸qªºªF¦è, §¹¥þ±Ë±ó. (last match) ( Or, ±q¥t¤@­Ó¨¤«×¬Ý, ¬A°_¨Óªº string, ¹ê»Ú¤W¬O¦h¾lªº, ¦]¬° ME Äæ¤w¸g¶ñ¤F. ) : : ¦b³o¥Ü½d¤¤, ME¤@¦æ¬O©w¸q¦Û¤v³o³¡News Server©Ò±µ¦¬ªºªF¦è, ³o : ¸Ì©w¸q±µ¦¬comp.*¡B news.*¡B tw.* ¥H³o¤T­Ó¶}ÀYªºnewsgroups, ¥t¥~ ³o¤@¬q±Ô­z¬O¿ù»~ªº. »¡©ú¦p¤W. : $ /usr/lib/news/bin/inncheck -v : Looking at /usr/lib/news/active... [delete] : Looking at /usr/lib/news/newsfeeds... : ME, foo1, foo2, /usr/lib/news/newsfeeds:0: : ME entry accepts all incoming article distributions ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ½Ðª`·N, ³oùجO»¡ distributions. ¹³©³¤Uªº¨Ò¤l, ME:!*/!local:: «h¤£±µ¦¬©Ò¦³, ªþ¦³ ³o¤@Ãþ header ªº articles. Distribution: local.test
C.S.Chen [ ³¯©÷²± ] * E-mail: chen@cc.nctu.edu.tw Computer Center of National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.